نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

هدف پژوهش حاضر این است که با استفاده از روش مرور سیستماتیک، مطالعات حوزه تاب­آوری شهری در تهران را تحلیل کند. نویسندگان با استفاده از کلیدواژه‌های «تاب‌آوری» و «تاب‌آوری شهری» در پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی اس.آی.دی و مگ­ایران مطالعات مربوط به تاب‌آوری شهری در تهران را جستجو کردند. برای انتخاب مطالعات جهت ورود به‌مرور سیستماتیک از چارچوب پریسما[1] استفاده شد که درنهایت 55 مطالعه به فرایند مرور سیستماتیک وارد شدند. 49 درصد از مطالعات مرور شده به این نتیجه رسیدند که میزان تاب­آوری در سطح مناطق شهری تهران متفاوت است. عدم دسترسی یکسان به خدمات شهری، وجود بافت فرسوده در برخی مناطق و متفاوت بودن توانایی مالی و سطح مشارکت اجتماعی ساکنان ازجمله دلایل متغیر بودن تاب­آوری در سطح مناطق شهری تهران است. علاوه­براین، 38 درصد از مطالعات به این نتیجه رسیدند که وضعیت تاب­آوری در شهر تهران نامطلوب است؛ که دراین‌بین سکونتگاه­های غیررسمی، بافت­های فرسوده و بافت مرکزی شهر تهران شرایط نامناسب­تری داشتند. در مجموع مرور سیستماتیک نشان از دو ویژگی برجسته وضعیت تاب­آوری شهر تهران دارد. مشخصه اول نشان­دهنده وضعیت متفاوت تاب­آوری در سطح شهر تهران و مشخصه دوم نشان از وضعیت نامناسب تاب­آوری در برخی از محدوده­های شهر تهران می­دهد. این نتایج می­تواند برای سیاستگذاران و دست اندرکاران مدیریت شهری بسیار حائز اهمیت باشد. بدینسان که با استفاده از نتایج این مطالعه، برنامه­ریزان و مدیران شهری می­تواند سیاست­ها، طرح­ها و برنامه­های ارتقای تاب­آوری شهر تهران را متناسب با وضعیت هر کدام از مناطق شهری تهیه، بررسی یا به­روز کنند.
 
[1]. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analyzing the resilience status in Tehran city using a systematic review approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • nabi moradpoor
  • Ahmad Pourahmad
  • hossein hataminejad
  • Keramatollah Ziari

Ph.D. in Geography and Urban Planning, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

This study aims to analyze urban resilience studies in Tehran using a systematic review method. The authors searched for “resilience” and “urban resilience” keywords related to Tehran in SID and Magiran databases. The PRISMA framework was used to select studies for the systematic review, resulting in 55 articles included in the process. Of these, 49% concluded that resilience levels vary across Tehran’s urban areas. Variability in resilience is attributed to unequal access to urban services, the presence of dilapidated structures in certain areas, different financial capacities, and levels of social participation among residents. In addition, 38% of the studies concluded that the resilience status in Tehran is unfavorable, with informal settlements, dilapidated structures, and the central part of Tehran having more unsuitable conditions. The systematic review highlights two key characteristics of Tehran’s resilience status: firstly, the variability in resilience across the city, and secondly, the unfavorable resilience in some urban areas. These findings are significant for policymakers and urban management stakeholders, as they offer insights that enable planners and urban managers to develop, assess, or update resilience enhancement policies, plans, and programs tailored to the specific conditions of each urban district in Tehran.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Resilience
  • urban resilience
  • systematic review
  • Tehran
  1. احمدیان، م. ع. (1382). حاشیه‌نشینی؛ ریشه‌ها و راه‌حل‌ها. پژوهش­های اجتماعی اسلامی، 43 و 44، 296- 276.
  2. حاتمی­نژاد، ح. و حسین اوغلی، ج. (1388). بررسی تطبیقی برخی شاخص­ها در سکونتگاه­های غیررسمی اطراف کلان‌شهر تهران (مطالعه موردی: حصار امیر و شهرک انقلاب). نشریه تحقیقات کاربردی علوم جغرافیایی، ج 9، 12، 29-7.
  3. خلعتبری، ا. (1387). آمار و روش تحقیق، تهران: پردازش.
  4. شفیعا، س.، شفیعا، م.ع.، و کاظمیان، غ. (1392). فراتحلیل روش و نتایج پژوهش­های کیفیت زندگی شهری در ایران. جامعه‌شناسی کاربردی، 50، 24 (2)، 21-40.
  5. شماعی، ع.، ساسان­پور، ف.، و علی حسینی، ر. (1398). تحلیل فضایی تاب­آوری شهری در محله­های بخش مرکزی شهر تبریز. پژوهش­های جغرافیایی برنامه‌ریزی شهری، 7(2)، 349- 374.
  6. کرمانی، م.، نوغانی دخت بهمنی، م.، و برادران کاشانی، ز. (1397). فراتحلیل کیفی مقالات پژوهشی حوزه توانمندسازی زنان روستایی و شهری در ایران. مطالعات اجتماعی روان‌شناختی زنان، 16(2)، 33-54.
  7. مشهدی زاده دهاقانی، ن. (1378). تحلیلی بر ویژگی‌های برنامه‌ریزی شهری در ایران. تهران: دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران.

 

  1. Aliabadi, S. F., Sarsangi, A., & Modiri, E. (2015). The social and physical vulnerability assessment of old texture against earthquake (case study: Fahadan district in Yazd City). Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 8(12), 10775-10787.
  2. Amini Hosseini, K., Hosseini, M., Izadkhah, Y., Mansouri, B. and Shaw, T. (2014). Main challenges on community-based approaches in earthquake risk reduction: case study of Tehran, Iran. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 8, 114-124.
  3. Atrachali, M., Ghafory-Ashtiany, M., Amini-Hosseini, K. and Arian-Moghaddam, S. (2019). Toward quantification of seismic resilience in Iran: Developing an integrated indicator system. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction39, 101231.
  4. Balsells, M., Barroca, B., Becue, V., & Serre, D. (2015, February). Making urban flood resilience more operational: current practice. In Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Water Management, 168(2), 57-65.
  5. Bergstrand, K., Mayer, B., Brumback, B., & Zhang, Y. (2015). Assessing the relationship between social vulnerability and community resilience to hazards. Social Indicators Research122(2), 391-409.
  6. Bodin, P., & Wiman, B. (2004). Resilience and other stability concepts in ecology: Notes on their origin, validity, and usefulness. ESS Bulletin2(2), 33-43.
  7. Borden, K.A., Schmidtlein, M.C., Emrich, C.T., Piegorsch, W.W. & Cutter, S.L. (2007). Vulnerability of US cities to environmental hazards. Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management, 4(2).
  8. Cai, H., Lam, N. S., Qiang, Y., Zou, L., Correll, R. M., & Mihunov, V. (2018). A synthesis of disaster resilience measurement methods and indices. International journal of disaster risk reduction31, 844-855.
  9. Campanella, T. J. (2006). Urban resilience and the recovery of New Orleans. Journal of the American Planning Association72(2), 141-146.
  10. Cariolet, J. M., Colombert, M., Vuillet, M., & Diab, Y. (2018). Assessing the resilience of urban areas to traffic-related air pollution: Application in Greater Paris. Science of the Total Environment615, 588-596.
  11. Carmin, J., Nadkarni, N., & Rhie, C. (2012). Progress and Challenges in Urban Climate Adaptation Planning: Results of a Global. In Progress and Challenges in Urban Climate Adaptation Planning: Results of a Global. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).
  12. Cimellaro, G. P., Renschler, C., Reinhorn, A. M., & Arendt, L. (2016). PEOPLES: a framework for evaluating resilience. Journal of Structural Engineering142(10), 04016063.
  13. Cutter, S. L., Ash, K. D., & Emrich, C. T. (2016). Urban–rural differences in disaster resilience. Annals of the American Association of Geographers106(6), 1236-1252.
  14. Cutter, S. L., Barnes, L., Berry, M., Burton, C., Evans, E., Tate, E., & Webb, J. (2008). A place-based model for understanding community resilience to natural disasters. Global environmental change18(4), 598-606.
  15. Cutter, S., Ash, K., and Emrich, C. (2014). The geographies of community disaster resilience. Global Environmental Change29, 65-77.
  16. Cutter, S.L., Burton, C.G. and Emrich, C.T. (2010). Disaster resilience indicators for benchmarking baseline conditions. Journal of homeland security and emergency management, 7(1).
  17. Davoudi, S., Shaw, K., Haider, L. J., Quinlan, A. E., Peterson, G. D., Wilkinson, C., ... & Davoudi, S. (2012). Resilience: a bridging concept or a dead end? “Reframing” resilience: challenges for planning theory and practice interacting traps: resilience assessment of a pasture management system in Northern Afghanistan urban resilience: what does it mean in planning practice? Resilience as a useful concept for climate change adaptation? The politics of resilience for planning: a cautionary note: edited by Simin Davoudi and Libby Porter. Planning theory & practice13(2), 299-333.
  18. Fekete, A., Hufschmidt, G., & Kruse, S. (2014). Benefits and challenges of resilience and vulnerability for disaster risk management. International journal of disaster risk science5(1), 3-20.
  19. Forrest, S. A., Trell, E. M., & Woltjer, J. (2020). Socio-spatial inequalities in flood resilience: Rainfall flooding in the city of Arnhem. Cities105, 102843.
  20. Ghasemi, K., Hamzenejad, M., & Meshkini, A. (2018). The spatial analysis of the livability of 22 districts of Tehran Metropolis using multi-criteria decision making approaches. Sustainable cities and society38, 382-404.
  21. Ghasemi, K., Hamzenejad, M., & Meshkini, A. (2019). An analysis of the spatial distribution pattern of social-cultural services and their equitable physical organization using the TOPSIS technique: The case-study of Tehran, Iran. Sustainable Cities and Society51, 101708.
  22. Ghasemzadeh, B., Zarabadi, Z. S. S., Majedi, H., Behzadfar, M., & Sharifi, A. (2021). A Framework for Urban Flood Resilience Assessment with Emphasis on Social, Economic and Institutional Dimensions: A Qualitative Study. Sustainability13(14), 52-78.
  23. Godschalk, D.R. (2003), “Urban hazard mitigation: creating resilient cities. Natural hazards review, 4(3), 136-143.
  24. Heinzlef, C., Becue, V., & Serre, D. (2020). A spatial decision support system for enhancing resilience to floods: bridging resilience modelling and geovisualization techniques. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences20(4), 1049-1068.
  25. Hosseinioon, S. (2018). Measuring Urban Resilience to Natural Disasters for Iranian Cities: Challenges and Key Concepts. In Urban Disaster Resilience and Security (pp. 71-89). Cham: Springer.
  26. Hou, J., Lv, J., Chen, X. and Yu, S. (2016), “China’s regional social vulnerability to geological disasters: evaluation and spatial characteristics analysis. Natural Hazards, 84(1), pp.97-111.
  27. Huck, A., Monstadt, J., & Driessen, P. (2020). Building urban and infrastructure resilience through connectivity: An institutional perspective on disaster risk management in Christchurch, New Zealand. Cities98, 102573.
  28. Jabareen, Y. (2013). Planning the resilient city: Concepts and strategies for coping with climate change and environmental risk. Cities31, 220-229.
  29. JICA, C. (2000). The study on seismic microzoning of the Greater Tehran Area in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Pacific Consultants International Report, OYO Cooperation, Japan, 291-390.
  30. Kamranzad, F., Memarian, H., & Zare, M. (2020). Earthquake risk assessment for Tehran, Iran. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information9(7), 430.
  31. Koufogiannakis, D. (2012). The state of systematic reviews in library and information studies. Evidence Based Library and Information Practice, 7(2), 91-95.
  32. Lak, A., Hasankhan, F., & Garakani, S. A. (2020). Principles in practice: Toward a conceptual framework for resilient urban design. Journal of environmental planning and management63(12), 2194-2226.
  33. Leichenko, R. (2011). Climate change and urban resilience. Current opinion in environmental. sustainability3(3), 164-168.
  34. Liu, D., Feng, J., Li, H., Fu, Q., Li, M., Faiz, M.A., Ali, S., Li, T. and Khan, M.I. (2019), “Spatiotemporal variation analysis of regional flood disaster resilience capability using an improved projection pursuit model based on the wind-driven optimization algorithm”, Journal of Cleaner Production241, 118406.
  35. Mahmoud, H., & Chulahwat, A. (2018). Spatial and temporal quantification of community resilience: Gotham City under attack. Computer‐Aided Civil and Infrastructure Engineering33(5), 353-372.
  36. McMillen, H., Campbell, L. K., Svendsen, E. S., & Reynolds, R. (2016). Recognizing stewardship practices as indicators of social resilience: In living memorials and in a community garden. Sustainability8(8), 775.
  37. Meerow, S. and Newell, J.P. (2015). Resilience and complexity: A bibliometric review and prospects for industrial ecology. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 19(2), 236-251.
  38. Meerow, S., & Newell, J. P. (2019). Urban resilience for whom, what, when, where, and why? Urban Geography40(3), 309-329.
  39. Meerow, S., & Stults, M. (2016). Comparing conceptualizations of urban climate resilience in theory and practice. Sustainability8(7), 701, 1-16.
  40. Meerow, S., Newell, J. P., & Stults, M. (2016). Defining urban resilience: A review. Landscape and urban planning147, 38-49.
  41. Meshkini, A., Hajilou, M., Jokar, S., & Esmaeili, A. (2021). The role of land use patterns in earthquake resilience: a case study of the Ahvaz Manba Ab neighborhood. Natural Hazards, 1-25.
  42. Mileti, D. (1999). Disasters by design: A reassessment of natural hazards in the United States. Washington, D.C.: Joseph Henry Press.
  43. Moghadas, M., Asadzadeh, A., Vafeidis, A., Fekete, A., & Kötter, T. (2019). A multi-criteria approach for assessing urban flood resilience in Tehran, Iran. International journal of disaster risk reduction35, 101069.
  44. Monjezi, F., & Mohammadi, H. B. (2015). Reconstruction of urban worn-out textures and reduction in risk taking (case study: Shushtar City). American Journal of Civil Engineering3(2-1), 24-29.
  45. Moradi, A., Bidhendi, G.N. and Safavi, Y. (2021). Effective environment indicators on improving the resilience of Mashhad neighborhoods. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 1-18.
  46. Moradpour, N., Pourahmad, A., Hataminejad, H., Ziari, K. and Sharifi, A. (2022), "An overview of the state of urban resilience in Iran. International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print.
  47. Münzberg, T., Wiens, M., & Schultmann, F. (2017). A spatial-temporal vulnerability assessment to support the building of community resilience against power outage impacts. Technological Forecasting and Social Change121, 99-118.
  48. Nasrnia, F., Sheikhzeinoddin, A. and Pourghasemi, H.R. (2021), Determining the geographical model and environmental resilience patterns in Iranian provinces, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 193(8), 1-15.
  49. Norris, F. H., Stevens, S. P., Pfefferbaum, B., Wyche, K. F., & Pfefferbaum, R. L. (2008). Community resilience as a metaphor, theory, set of capacities, and strategy for disaster readiness. American journal of community psychology41(1), 127-150.
  50. Olsson, E. G. A., Kerselaers, E., Søderkvist Kristensen, L., Primdahl, J., Rogge, E., & Wästfelt, A. (2016). Peri-urban food production and its relation to urban resilience. Sustainability8(12), 1340.
  51. Osman, T. (2021). A framework for cities and environmental resilience assessment of local governments. Cities118, 103372.
  52. Pearson, L., Newton, P., & Roberts, P. (2014). Adaptation and transformation for resilient and sustainable cities. In Resilient sustainable cities. London: Routledge.
  53. Qin, W., Lin, A., Fang, J., Wang, L., & Li, M. (2017). Spatial and temporal evolution of community resilience to natural hazards in the coastal areas of China. Natural hazards89(1), 331-349.
  54. Ran, J., MacGillivray, B. H., Gong, Y., & Hales, T. C. (2020). The application of frameworks for measuring social vulnerability and resilience to geophysical hazards within developing countries: A systematic review and narrative synthesis. Science of the total environment711, 134486.
  55. Samiei, A., & Sayafzadeh, A. (2016). Analysis of the worn-out tissues characteristics and providing of intervention pattern, case study: Eslamshahr city, Tehran. Current Urban Studies4(03), 267.
  56. Sekkat, K. (2017). Urban concentration and poverty in developing countries. Growth and Change48(3), 435-458.
  57. Sharifi, A. (2019). Urban form resilience: A meso-scale analysis. Cities, 93, 238-252.
  58. Sharifi, A., & Yamagata, Y. (2018). Resilient urban form: A conceptual framework. In Resilience-Oriented Urban Planning. Cham: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75798-8_9
  59. Tierney, K.J., Lindell, M.K. & Perry, R.W. (2002). Facing the unexpected: disaster preparedness and response in the United States. Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal11(3), 222-222.
  60. Tzavella, K., Fekete, A., & Fiedrich, F. (2018). Opportunities provided by geographic information systems and volunteered geographic information for a timely emergency response during flood events in Cologne, Germany. Natural Hazards91(1), 29-57.
  61. Verrucci, E., Rossetto, T., Twigg, J. and Adams, B.J. (2012). Multi-disciplinary indicators for evaluating the seismic resilience of urban areas. Lisbon: In Proceedings of 15th world conference earthquake engineering.
  62. World Bank, & United Nations (Eds.). (2010). Natural hazards, unnatural disasters: the economics of effective prevention. Washington, D.C: World Bank.
  63. Yang, P. P., & Quan, S. J. (2016). Urban form and energy resilient strategies: A case study of the Manhattan grid. In Urban Resilience. Cham: Springer.
  64. Zhang, M., Yang, Y., Li, H. & van Dijk, M.P. (2020), “Measuring urban resilience to climate change in three chinese cities”, Sustainability12(22), 9735.
  65. Zhu, S., Li, D., Huang, G., Chhipi-Shrestha, G., Nahiduzzaman, K.M., Hewage, K. & Sadiq, R. (2021). Enhancing urban flood resilience: A holistic framework incorporating historic worst flood to Yangtze River Delta, China. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 61, 102355.
CAPTCHA Image