https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/ Geography and Urban Space Development en daily 1 Wed, 21 Sep 2022 00:00:00 +0330 Wed, 21 Sep 2022 00:00:00 +0330 https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_42878.html Due to the rapid increase in the population, cities have faced many problems, including the lack of urban green space and its role in improving the quality of the urban environment. These spaces, which are referred to as the breathing lungs of cities, are known as one of the most important urban land uses . Considering the importance of urban green space, the present study was conducted with the aim of spatial analysis of the relationship between environmental variables and green space in Mashhad city in order to improve the capability of the urban environment in 2019. The study method in this research is a descriptive analytical method that has investigated the relationship between variables by using linear regression in TerrSet software, Therefore, in the first step, after receiving air pollution concentration data on a daily basis and applying the necessary corrections to on them, the average annual data for each of the stations was calculated in the Excel environment, and according to the point-wise nature of the data, with the interpolation method in GIS, the distribution and distribution of pollutants was prepared in the form of a map. Then., in order to check the relationship between each of pollutants and temperature with the existing green space of the same raster format, the normalized difference index layer of vegetation cover and ground surface temperature for the year 2019 were extracted by Landsat Eight satellite images, then using linear regression the correlation coefficient of each pollutant (nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, suspended particles smaller than two and a half microns) and our green space were measured. The results show that despite the negative relationship obtained from the correlation coefficient between green spaces, pollutants and temperature, it can be said that green spaces have played an effective role in reducing pollution in Mashhad. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_43092.html Nowadays, the quality of the environment in urban spaces has become a controversial issue, which has been discussed in various researches as a response to many recent problems of cities. Considering its tangible and intangible features, this issue has become one of the main concerns of every society. The aim of the current research is to analyze the spatial quality of the environment of Mashhad using the multi-criteria decision-making approach (MCE) and the ordered weighted average (OWA) technique. In this study, research indicators including vegetation cover, air pollution, surface temperature, population density, marginalization rate, vulnerability of buildings, distance water network coverage and noise pollution were combined using Arc GIS and TerrSet software. . The ordered weighted average method by re-weighting the criteria reduces the errors of combining the initial weighting of the criteria with the weighting method (AHP) and by adjusting the coefficients in different alphas, a set of decision scenarios is available to the decision makers. to give The results of the research show that in the most optimistic state (high risk tolerance) and the most pessimistic state (low risk tolerance) in the northeastern regions of Mashhad, regions 3, 4, 5 and 6 have a low quality environment. According to the conditions of urban management and the scenario proposed by the research, 15% of the size of Mashhad, which is in the category of very low and low quality in the classification of the research, needs the special attention of city managers to improve the quality of environmental indicators. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_43106.html With the increase of awareness about the environmental and health costs caused by unbridled and car-oriented urbanization in the last two decades, urban planners have been prompted to search for human-centered strategies as an alternative strategy for urban development. One of the alternative strategies is walkable neighborhoods that were appeared by new theoretical approaches of development such as smart growth, compact cities and etc. Present research studied the role of the built environment on the attitude to walk people who go to their working place using agent-based modeling. One of the centric neighborhoods in Amol was selected as a case study. Safety, aesthetic and job density are made as built environment variables. The required data was achieved through documentary information, self-report and focus groups. Also, the model was made using the Anylogic software. Data was entered in the software in the form of agent behavioral state-chart, parameters, variables, codes and some equations. The result indicated that the interaction between human and human was not influential on the attitude to walk, and the interaction between human and environment was the most influential on it and on the scale of walking travel. Some of the results elicited that increase of job density in centric neighborhoods was not influential on walking behavior, but decrease of job density was directly able to relate to the attitude of people walking to go to their work. This research showed that modifying the aesthetic and safety level of the neighborhood streets was extremely more influential than modifying the job density of the neighborhood on the attitude to walk. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_44897.html abstractThe increase in urban population and its consequences lead to the intertwining of urban issues and make cities more vulnerable to natural hazards, and affect all its dimensions. Therefore, the problem of city resilience is raised. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the resilience of small urban blocks and to know the difference in the level of resilience of urban areas. The research method is descriptive-analytical, which has investigated and compared the resilience of the urban areas of Ilam using the criteria of the CDIR resilience model. Statistical methods (T-test), ANOVA test, T-test of two independent samples have been used for data analysis. Based on the results, the total resilience and the resilience of the dimensions of Ilam city tend towards vulnerability. The level of resilience in different regions of Ilam city is not balanced in such a way that there is a difference between urban regions in terms of economic, social, institutional, physical and natural resilience. The significant difference in the resilience of the worn-out and marginal areas with the new urban blocks makes clear the necessity of planning to make these urban areas resilient. Therefore, according to the capacity and different levels of resilience of each of the urban areas, the need for transformation in the urban spatial planning system and the need for adjustments at the executive level in the cities in the form of developing a specific program for each of the areas (block-based) and replacing it with An overall integrated plan to make the city resilient is proposed. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_45039.html The spatial growth of each city is in the form of horizontal expansion or vertical growth, each of which has different effects on theft crimes.Urban sprawl has generally caused development in the outskirts of the city,which includes the expansion of defenseless urban spaces, social-ecological anomalies, unemployment, population density, and an increase in crime among its consequences.For this purpose, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of the city's spatial development on the occurrence of theft crimes in Mashhad.The research method is descriptive-analytical and based on spatio-temporal analysis models, which were used for data analysis from ArcGIS and TerrSet software and Sentinel-2 satellite images. The variables of the research include the crimes of theft in Mashhad.The results of the research showed that in the period of 2017-2021, the greatest increase in land use was related to built-up lands (4.31 percent) and the greatest decrease in land use was related to barren lands (-2.49 percent) and garden lands, respectively. - Agriculture (-1.83 percent). Also, the results of the research indicate that in the scattered areas towards informal dominant pattern of theft crimes is "new hot spots". "scattered hot spots" and "oscillating hot spots" which indicate the severity of theft crimes in recent years in these areas. However, in the scattered areas towards the areas of Bohrashahr, the dominant pattern of theft crimes is "consecutive cold spots" and "increasing cold spots", which indicates that the theft crimes in these areas are The passage of time is increasing. In total, the investigations showed that 77.27 percent of the theft crimes in Mashhad took place in the areas where the physical-spatial expansion took place, which was achieved by the physical-functional regeneration of defenseless urban spaces through the improvement and change of land use.The amount of theft crimes can be reduced. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_41928.html AbstractThe purpose of this study is to explain the future perspective of creative tourism in Isfahan. The research method is based on the applied purpose and based on the descriptive-analytical nature based on survey studies based on a questionnaire and futures research approach. In this article, an attempt was made to determine the factors involved in the future of creative tourism in Isfahan with a systematic view. And a structure to study the research background. A list of all factors should be prepared and made available to 35 experts during Delphi meetings. Then, using Mick Mac software, the relationship between the variables involved in the future of creative tourism in Isfahan was analyzed. The country's international relations with a score of 381 had the highest direct impact score and international advertising with a score of 368 was ranked next. In the next step, probable futures were defined for each of the key variables, then in a matrix questionnaire * 33 33 were completed and weighted in Scenario Wizard software to meet credible and highly compatible scenarios for the development of creative tourism in Isfahan in the future. Thus, 2 scenarios with very high compatibility and 7 scenarios with high compatibility and 724 poor scenarios were extracted and analyzed. شد. The results showed that the optimal scenario is related to the second group, which is 77.27% of the factors in the optimal state, 4.54. The critical state percentage is 0.0018% of the static state, which by focusing on the components that are in the static state and trying to make them optimal, this city can be considered as a city in the network of creative tourism cities. Among the three scenarios proposed, intermediate scenarios will be able to slowly and steadily lead the city to the desired destination. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_45684.html Spatial ability in tourist navigation is a process based on travel guidance and route perception, the ability to read the environment and environmental knowledge in unknown environments and destinations, and it also creates differences depending on the gender of people. This category can promote and strengthen the feeling of comfort and awareness and sense of belonging to unknown environments in tourists. In this regard, the current research has tried to deal with the structural modeling of the effective components in the spatial navigation ability of tourists with an applied approach and "descriptive-analytical" methodology, emphasizing the intervening role of gender among tourists in the area around Imam Reza Shrine (AS) in Mashhad. . The data of the research was obtained by a survey method and by non-probability and simple random sampling with the questionnaire tool from the opinions of 100 tourists in the main routes around the Holy Shrine, i.e. Nawab and Tabarsi streets. For data analysis, structural equation modeling was used in AMOS software. The findings showed that the three components of sense of direction, spatial memory and spatial cognition have a positive and meaningful structural relationship to explain the spatial ability of tourists in the context around the shrine. Also, the effect of gender differences on the components of direction sense, spatial memory and spatial cognition is positive and significant. These findings show that the spatial navigation ability of tourists can change in quality depending on gender differences (male or female). In fact, gender differences are a category that can be effective in reading and understanding the environment better, recognizing and distinguishing better from the directions and geometric and physical dimensions of the environment, signs and signs and urban furniture, as well as different perception of the environment and different quality of remembering environmental characteristics. . https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_45761.html The present research was conducted with the aim of determining the impact of school privatization on the social behavior and misbehavior of public and private school students in Mashhad city. The statistical population of this research is the students of the second secondary level of education in Mashhad. The population of these students is 104,560, which is equivalent to 20.67% of the total student population of Mashhad. The independent variable in this research is "privatization of education" and the dependent variable is "students' social character". The research sample was selected randomly. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 21 statistical software. Based on the data, the average social behavior among students was calculated as 156.30±18.89. By examining the dimensions of social behavior among students, it was determined that the average dimension of cooperation among students is 104.33±13.49 and the average self-management among students is 51.96±6.83. On average, the social behavior of non-government school students They had a high social character. Also, the difference between the two dimensions of social behavior was significant according to the mentioned t-test, and non-government schools had a relatively better situation. According to the obtained results, it was found that the educational environment has an effective role in the formation of students' social character. Also, the findings of the research show that non-government schools have more ability to achieve the goals of education than government schools, and they are more compatible with today's changing environments. Considering the effect of the lack of development of social character on misbehavior and non-conformity with social norms in students and the consequent increase in social damages, it can be said that the privatization of schools can be effective in reducing social damages among teenagers and young people. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_45865.html Today, water insecurity is considered one of the biggest threats to global prosperity, which has faced many problems and issues in cities. Thus, in recent decades, to solve the challenge of water insecurity and reduce its effects on the level of cities, various solutions and perspectives have been proposed, one of the most important of these solutions has been paying attention to the concept of urban resilience. The review of studies conducted by numerous researchers indicates the absence of a codified and coherent framework for measuring and evaluating urban resilience in order to achieve water security at the level of cities. For this purpose, this research has been carried out in order to compilation a measurement and evaluation framework of urban resilience in the face of water insecurity. Therefore, in the current research, based on the library method and text mining tools, the areas that include water security have been explained and the topics related to each of these areas have been identified. In the next step, by using the indexing method and through linking with urban resilience dimensions, these areas have been proposed into traceable components and indicators and a measurable framework for them. The final output of this research leads to the presentation of a measurement and evaluation framework based on the components and indicators of urban resilience in the face of water insecurity in the five areas of provision of drinking water and its purification for citizens, efficiency and cost-effectiveness of drinking water supply for citizens, sustainability of water environment, resilience against water-related disasters and water governance. Thus, this proposed framework can be a general guide for urban planners, designers and managers in order to achieve water security at the level of cities in the light of urban resilience. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_46321.html Today, due to the explosive increase of the population of cities around the world, urban planners are looking for new solutions to overcome these problems. One of the new concepts to reduce the problems of the cities in the field of urban planning is the development of a smart city, which in the last few years has been very much noticed. Therefore, the study seeks to analyze the spatial relationship of smart city indicators and the livability of cities in the neighborhoods of Arak city. The required data has been collected through library and survey methods. After EXCEL analysis, they data has been entered into GIS software and spatially has been analyzed using multivariate regression in the form of GWR model. The statistical sample of the research are 384 citizens of Arak city. The results show that the status of the smart city indicators is in an unfavorable condition and the peripheral areas of the city are in a weaker condition. Also, the livability indicators of Arak do not have a favorable condition, so that most of the neighborhoods have an average score lower than 3. Also, the results of the spatial analysis of the GWR model show that based on the R2 statistic, the relationship between the independent variable (city smartening) and the dependent variable (urban livability) in the economic and social indicators are 76% and 67% respectively. The smartness indicators can have a high impact on the livability of the neighborhoods of Arak, especially in the eastern, southern and southwestern areas of the city. Also, the R2 statistic show that the influence of smart city indicators on the physical and environmental dimensions, variable of the livability of the Arak neighborhoods is in an average condition of 50%. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_46322.html AbstractTravel patterns are significantly related to certain characteristics such as spatial and temporal diversity of passengers, population density, land use and access to public transportation, and creating meaningful links between them is an important issue. The analysis of passengers' behaviors and characteristics can be done according to spatial and temporal dimensions. The pattern of how people move and their travel behavior is closely related to urban structures. This study delves into zonal-based public transport travel behavior in Mashhad, Iran, leveraging smart card data. Based on public transportation travel transactions, the K-Means algorithm was used to cluster zones in the morning, noon, and evening time periods, and the Mean Shift algorithm was used to cluster them based on the spatial variables of the population and the types of built-up areas in each zone. In the temporal clustering of zones for bus transactions into 2 and metro into 7 clusters; And in spatial clustering, the zones were divided into 8 clusters. Analysis of clusters with demographic information and built-up areas in each zone showed that each cluster has its own function and a single and specific reason for the amount of transactions in all zones cannot be determined. The findings of the research were able to confirm correlations between population and residential areas with morning trips; or commercial and educational areas with midday trips; as well as the transactions of marginal traffic zones with near outer residential areas in time intervals. The results of this study are important for the decision makers and planners in the design and development of land and transportation policies.Keywords: built-up areas, clustering of traffic zones, temporal and spatial patterns, smart card data https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_46323.html رشد بی رویه به همراه مدیریت نامناسب، باعث گسترش افقی شهر، بلعیده شدن زمین های کشاورزی و ادغام روستاهای اطراف شهرمشهد شده است. آمار نیز نشان از عدم تعادل ناحیه ای به خصوص در مناطق پیراشهری این شهر دارد. بنابراین هدف اصلی این مطالعه، شناسایی عوامل موثر بر پیوندهای روستا – شهری در حریم شهر مشهد با رویکرد آینده پژوهی می‌باشد. پژوهش از نوع کاربردی بوده و روش انجام تحقیق توصیفی-پیمایشی می باشد. منطقه مورد مطالعه حریم کلان شهر مشهد در نظر گرفته شده است. با توجه به مطالعات صورت گرفته در حریم کلان شهر مشهد حجم نمونه هر بخش 52 نفر بر اساس جدول مورگان به دست آمده است که جامعه آماری تحقیق، 156 نفر شامل اساتید دانشگاهی، کارشناسان، مدیران و شهروندان مرتبط با موضوع تحقیق می باشند. اطلاعات استخراج شده در دو نرم افزار SPSS و MIC MAC در قالب پرسشنامه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. میزان آلفای کرونباخ پرسشنامه 76/0 محاسبه شد که نشان از پایا و قابل اعتماد بودن آن است. یافته های حاصل از نرم افزار میک مک نشان داد که نتایج حاصل از ارزیابی در این پژوهش از سطح معناداری کافی در جهت پیاده سازی آن به عنوان یک دستورالعمل راهنما در جهت افزایش توسعه ناحیه روستایی و تقویت ارتباط روستا شهری مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که متغیرهای مورد بررسی به میزان قابل قبولی توانسته اند تا پیوندهای روستا-شهری را در حریم کلانشهر مشهد تببین نمایند. به طوری که عوامل اقتصادی و تجاری با بار عاملی 0.91 دارای بیشترین تبیین‌کنندگی در رابطه با نقش پیوندهای روستا-شهری در حریم کلان شهر مشهد می باشد. بعد از آن عوامل خدماتی، عوامل فرهنگی-مذهبی و در نهایت عوامل اجتماعی به ترتیب با بارهای عاملی 0.90، 0.89 و 0.88 در مرتبه های بعدی تبیین‌کنندگی قرار دارند. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_46769.html Today, the phenomenon of urbanization has led to numerous problems such as spatial injustice, which in itself encompasses various dimensions of the quality of society. Spatial equity has always played a fundamental role in improving the standard of living and satisfaction of different societies; a topic that has always interested researchers and scholars of different sciences in different dimensions and in relation to different variables. Therefore, the present study seeks to understand the conditions of scientific products and their outcomes through scientometric analysis and by visualizing scientific products in the field of spatial justice based on the Web of Science scientific database in order to better understand the nature of scientific actions of researchers and ultimately identify the strengths and weaknesses in this scientific field. In order to achieve the statistical population of the present study, all studies conducted in the field of urban planning are included in the Web of Science database. In this study, the VisViewer software was used to draw and analyze scientific maps. The research results show that the number of studies in this field will increase in the period 2021-2024. Keywords such as governance and urban planning in the context of spatial justice have also received much attention from researchers in recent years. The results show that among the relevant journals and publications, publications such as Land, Sustainability and Urban-Studies, which are mainly active in the field of geography and urban studies, are among the leading journals and have played a fundamental role in promoting the discourse on spatial justice.The main objective of the review is to provide a comprehensive picture of the state of the science of spatial justice, to identify future research opportunities, and to emphasize the importance of strengthening interdisciplinary collaboration and discourse on spatial justice among researchers and policy makers. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_46770.html Due to the increasing importance of urban environment quality studies, the subject of the psychological quality of the city has also received more attention. Meanwhile, positive psychology, as a new branch of psychological science, provides the possibility of newer analysis according to the current conditions and problems of the cities of our country. So, the aim of the present study is to improve the quality of the physical and functional environment of Jafarieh neighborhood in Zanjan city with a positive psychology approach. The current research is classified as exploratory-analytical research. The approach of the research is mixed and in terms of the application of the results, it can be considered as applied research. Collecting the required data and information has been done through library studies and field methods. The collection and evaluation of data related to the quality of the environment was done through a researcher-made questionnaire, and 54-question Ryff questionnaire was used to evaluate the psychological well-being of the residents. The statistical sample includes 90 residential houses, which were questioned systematically by referring to the doors of the houses. Structural equation modeling and Smart PLS software have been used to analyze effect-oriented indicators. Expert observation data have also been evaluated using the qualitative analysis method. The results show that the structure of psychological well-being in Jafarieh neighborhood is explained by effect-based indicators of the quality of the physical and functional environment to the extent of 0.241. Also, expert observation indicators establish significant relationships with some subscales of the psychological well-being structure through the components of passages, land use, and scene and landscape. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_46776.html Abstract Introduction: Security is one of the primary expectations that humans have from governments, significantly influencing human development. In smart cities, the concept of security plays a vital role as a complex and sensitive element in security processes, from threat identification to preservation. Recognizing threats and assessing the sustainability of urban areas, along with timely planning and decision-making, enhances national security and social stability. The aim of this research is to examine the concept and dimensions of threats posed by new technologies in smart cities in Iran from the perspective of experts and specialists.Methodology: The research is qualitative, employing a phenomenological interpretive approach. Eighteen specialists from leading municipalities in smart city development were selected through snowball sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and continued until theoretical saturation was reached. Data analysis was conducted using MAXQDA software and the thematic analysis method.Results: The research findings indicated that threats related to new technologies in smart cities can be categorized into four infrastructure components: 1) Institutional Infrastructure (infrastructure sustainability, management mechanisms, staff quality, legal environment), 2) Physical Infrastructure (information technology, data services, technical support, urban networks), 3) Social Infrastructure (information security literacy, psychological factors, personal behavior, social environment), and 4) Economic Infrastructure (advanced communication networks, payment systems, data analysis, research and development centers, smart energy infrastructure).Conclusion: The findings reveal that, despite technical and physical advancements in smart city development, Iran faces major challenges in social, economic, and institutional infrastructures. Additionally, the results of this study could be beneficial for similar cities in developing countries. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_47029.html Smart urban transportation, relying on modern technologies, plays a key role in enhancing the resilience and unparalleled strength of urban communication networks. In this regard, 9 main indicators (including 35 sub-indicators) related to smart urban transportation have been used, including the dimensions of infrastructure-technical, safety and security, management, economic, legal, physical, communication and information, environmental and socio-cultural. Also, to measure the resilience of communication networks, 5 indicators (including 21 sub-indicators) have been examined, which include the resilience of motorized traffic, the resilience of pedestrians and cyclists, the resilience of the street against natural disasters, the resilience of citizens against crime, and the resilience against adverse weather conditions. In fact, this study attempts to evaluate the role of smart urban transportation network on the resilience of communication networks in Kermanshah city using the structural equation modeling (SEM) method. The statistical population of the present study was 384 citizens of Kermanshah city and the research tools were analyzed with correlation analysis and structural equation modeling methods using SPSS and SMART PLS software. The results of structural equation modeling indicate a strong and significant relationship (P<0.05) between smart transportation indicators and the resilience of communication networks, which indicates that with increasing somatization of urban transportation, the level of resilience of communication networks increases. In addition, the model fit indices also show that the data are well consistent with the conceptual model of the research and have the necessary fit, which confirms that the proposed model is able to correctly explain the relationship between the variables under study. Finally, the results showed that in the field of resilience of communication networks, the street resilience index against natural disasters and in the field of somatization of urban transportation, the management index have obtained the first rank, and the economic https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_47119.html In today’s competitive regional and global landscape, cities must adopt innovative strategies for achieving a sustainable urban brand. Among these strategies, sport is recognized as a powerful tool for enhancing a city's image, fostering social cohesion, and promoting sustainable development. Urmia, with its distinguished background in volleyball, possesses significant potential to contribute in this realm. However, no scientifically grounded framework has yet been proposed to leverage this potential for urban branding and development. This study aims to identify and analyze effective strategies for sustainable city branding in Urmia through volleyball, using a multidimensional urban development approach. The research employed a mixed-methods design (qualitative–quantitative). In the qualitative phase, literature review and expert interviews were conducted, leading to the development of a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population included university faculty members in sports and urban management, sports administrators, branding specialists, media representatives, former athletes, volleyball players, and cultural officials. A total of 142 participants were selected via convenience sampling. Data collection was carried out using the validated questionnaire, whose reliability and validity were confirmed. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed 33 key strategies categorized into nine main dimensions: development of sports infrastructure, hosting sporting events, promotion of sports tourism, enhancement of international diplomacy, fostering community participation and culture, marketing and communication, management and resource development, education and capacity building, and strengthening the city's identity and reputation. All t-values exceeded 1.96, significance levels were below 0.05, and standardized factor loadings for all items surpassed 0.40. By offering a comprehensive framework for volleyball-based urban branding in Urmia, this study provides urban and sports managers with actionable insights for leveraging sport as a pathway to sustainable urban development. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_47380.html The aim of this article is to analyze the challenges of urban core revitalization projects in Iran, with a focus on the regeneration and redevelopment plans for the city center of Mashhad, using a data-driven approach.The study involves a systematic review and content analysis of academic literature and sources relevant to the subject. For this purpose, a keyword-based search was conducted in reputable databases such as SID, Google Scholar, Noormagz, and ScienceDirect, resulting in the identification of 1,215 articles. After a screening process, 188 relevant articles were selected for detailed analysis.Content analysis was carried out using MaxQDA software, through which 127 open codes and 28 axial codes were extracted. The key challenges cited by other scholars were categorized into five dimensions: managerial, economic, socio-cultural, physical, and legal-regulatory. Among these, the core issue identified was the "lack of coordination, comprehensiveness, and integration in the planning, management, and implementation of urban revitalization and redevelopment projects". The findings indicate that urban redevelopment initiatives have largely been non-participatory, focusing primarily on land acquisition, resident displacement, and the implementation of economically profitable projects. Consequently, instead of enhancing the quality of life for local residents and improving the socio-cultural fabric of neighborhoods, these projects have often served as tools for generating economic benefits for large stakeholders and investors. This approach has not only failed to resolve local problems but has also widened the gap between the public and urban planners.Therefore, a fundamental revision of urban redevelopment approaches is necessary one that emphasizes participatory and coordinated policies which simultaneously address economic interests, local needs, and the improvement of residents’ quality of life. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_47385.html This study examines the complex relationships and communication dynamics, particularly concerning ongoing land ownership disputes between Alzahra University and the local community of Deh Vank. The aim of the research is to identify influential institutions and stakeholders involved in these interactions and analyze the existing communication patterns between them. Using a descriptive-analytical method based on quantitative and qualitative research, the perspectives of various stakeholders, including governmental and non-governmental institutions, residents, and university officials, have been examined. The approach of this research is social network analysis to address the structure and dynamics of relationships among these stakeholders. By employing concepts from network theory, a better understanding of centrality, density, and connectivity of communication networks can be achieved. This analysis makes it possible to identify key actors in this dispute and evaluate the flow of information and resources among them, unveiling distinct interaction patterns that contribute to both collaboration and tension. The findings indicate significant opportunities to enhance stakeholder engagement through the improvement of communication strategies. The connectivity patterns highlight areas where distrust and misunderstandings may arise and propose strategies for conflict resolution. In this study, institutions are classified into related subgroups based on shared characteristics, illustrating the diversity of interests present in the academic and local communities. Ultimately, this research not only addresses the specific challenges faced by Alzahra University and the Deh Vank community but also provides practical recommendations to strengthen constructive dialogue and collaboration. By emphasizing the role of social networks in these interactions, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of community engagement and conflict management in academic environments, offering a framework for future investigations in similar fields. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_47437.html In recent years, the global community's efforts to achieve an optimal model of urban life have resulted in the presentation of an urban prosperity model.Cities in developed countries are trying to achieve the indicators related to the six urban prosperity criteria to push their cities towards prosperity, while the conditions in cities in developing countries are different.Transparency, trust, participation, and rule of law are lacking in cities in developing countries, while cities in developed countries are trying to achieve the indicators related to these six criteria to lead their cities towards prosperity. Prosperity, as a symbol of development, is an intelligent movement that affects the corners of the urban system. Prosperity has indicators that, according to many researchers, have a significant impact on the sustainability of cities. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating urban prosperity indicators in Mashhad. The statistical population of the study is the residents of districts four, nine, and eleven of Mashhad, with a sample size of 384 people determined based on the Cochran formula. After completing the questionnaires, data were analyzed using one-sample t-test, Friedman test, and chi-square test in SPSS software.The results show that urban prosperity indicators in region four are in an unfavorable state, and regions nine and eleven are evaluated in a more favorable state, respectively. This spatial difference and spatial differentiation in urban areas of Mashhad indicate an imbalance in urban prosperity in the spatial system of Mashhad. Among the indicators studied, the productivity index is not in a favorable state in all three regions. Therefore, it is suggested that the employment situation, unemployment rate, and income deficiency be given serious attention in order to support and promote urban prosperity https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_47448.html Today, paying attention to the issue of resilience in order to reduce risks and damages caused by natural disasters in order to increase the livability of cities has received serious attention from managers, planners and those involved in urban issues. Due to its high population density and pressure on natural resources, the metropolis of Mashhad is very vulnerable to hazards such as land subsidence. Mashhad is facing a very high subsidence rate, which, given the importance of this city, seems essential to investigate and determine the cause of this phenomenon. In this study, using the radar interferometry (InSAR) method and processing Sentinel-1 satellite data in the SNAP software, the rate and pattern of subsidence in the Samen, 3 and 4 regions of Mashhad city were investigated during the years 2018 to 2023. The location of the Holy Shrine of Imam Reza (AS) and historical sites with a very high population density in the Samen region, as well as the location of the Mashhad railway station and the cargo terminal and wheat storage in regions three and four, adds to the importance of the issue. The results showed that the highest rate of subsidence occurred in 2021 with an amount of about −0.04 meters per year and the lowest in 2022. The railway station area and the historical centers of the Samen region show the highest risk. The findings indicate that the high population density and urban activities in these areas are effective factors in intensifying the subsidence rate. Accordingly, Mashhad urban management should prevent future damage to infrastructure and historical sites by continuous monitoring and implementing groundwater withdrawal control policies. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_47461.html Attention to children is one of the most important components of sustainable development of the city, since children are the most vulnerable members of society, therefore, a city suitable for children is suitable for all age groups, and sustainable development of the city requires planning safe cities appropriate for children. The aim of the present study is to present a child-friendly city model based on the regions of Mashhad. In this regard, three regions one, six and sixteen were selected, representing regions with high, medium and low levels of development. The sample size of the parent group was 382 people, the expert group was 85 people and the group of children aged 6 to 12 was 375 people. The research variables were also presented in the form of eight main indicators of participation, access to services, education, safety, quality of a healthy environment, children's security, home and family, and urban spaces and play. Data analysis was carried out in two parts: analysis of questionnaires of parents and experts using SPSS statistical software and analysis of children's interviews using the grounded theory method. The results of the study indicate that the status of child-friendly city indicators in high and medium development areas is not highly desirable and is undesirable in low development areas. The results also show that the status of child-friendly city indicators in the three development areas is different in the eyes of experts and parents, and experts have more optimistic views than parents' realism, but these indicators do not differ in the eyes of children in the three development areas due to the pure nature of the child and they all have similar aspirations. Finally, the child-friendly city model is presented in the form of four characteristics of a child-friendly city: education, nature, play, and health. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_47600.html As the second-largest city in Iran, Mashhad is undergoing rapid urban development, leading to significant transformations within its metropolitan area. This study aims to simulate land-use changes in the Mashhad metropolitan region, employing the MOLUSCE model through a descriptive-analytical methodology. Initially, changes in land use from 1984 to 2020 were examined to understand the patterns and trends over this period. Furthermore, projections regarding land use were generated for the year 2030 utilizing the MOLUSCE model within the QGIS software947. In this process, satellite imagery from the Landsat 5 and 8 satellites was classified using the maximum likelihood classification method, allowing us to categorize the land into five distinct classes: built-up areas, green spaces and vegetated lands, barren lands, water bodies, and mountainous (rocky) regions. The findings of the study indicate that over the specified timeframe, barren lands and built-up areas have increased significantly by 15,993.74 hectares (73.92%) and 12,823.76 hectares (59.27%), respectively. Conversely, green spaces have faced a substantial decrease of 15,811.76 hectares (73.08%). Projections for the year 2030 suggest that these trends are likely to persist, particularly with urban development moving towards the north, northwest, and south directions. Additionally, as the distance from the city’s borders increases, there is a noticeable decline in the impact of land-use changes, which results in a greater resistance of land to these transformations. The model’s validity was confirmed by overall Kappa coefficients (0.78), histogram Kappa (0.94), and positional Kappa (0.83), indicating a high level of reliability. The results of this research can serve as a valuable guide for effective land management and the promotion of sustainable development in the metropolitan area of Mashhad. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_47752.html Urban vitality is a crucial element in the quality of life of citizens and the dynamism of urban spaces throughout different times of day and night. In this context, the present study aims to assess and compare the state of urban vitality across the four districts of Yasuj City based on specific examined components. This research is applied in nature and relies on a questionnaire-based method, evaluating urban vitality. Data were collected through documentary studies and a field survey, which included 384 questionnaires designed based on six main components of urban vitality. The data were then analyzed using SPSS and PLS software. The findings reveal significant differences in the level of urban vitality among these districts. These differences are evident not only in the overall vitality index but also across each of its dimensions. They primarily stem from the city’s physical structure and the concentration of services in the central district, and are further reinforced by unequal population distribution, functional diversity, and varying levels of opportunities for civic participation. District 2 demonstrates the highest vitality due to its spatial and functional advantages, including diverse land uses, concentrated service and recreational centers, and favorable accessibility- factors that foster vibrant social interaction and active citizen presence. In contrast, peripheral areas, especially District 4, face major challenges regarding vitality, largely due to a lack of amenities, weak infrastructure, poorly designed public spaces, and insufficient land use diversity. Overall, the study highlights the need to reconsider spatial policies and ensure a balanced distribution of resources in future urban planning efforts in Yasuj, to enhance the level of vitality across all districts of the city. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_47816.html Effective city branding necessitates the identification and enhancement of the city's competitive advantages to create a coherent and appealing image of its urban identity in the minds of both domestic and international audiences. The present study aims to analyze the factors and core capabilities that create the competitiveness of the urban brand for the port city of Mahshahr. This research is applied in purpose and descriptive-analytical in its execution method. It is based on the perspectives of 25 key experts and stakeholders in the field of study, including: academic specialists (professors of Geography and Urban Planning from Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz and Islamic Azad University, Mahshahr Branch) and officials of Mahshahr's urban management (Municipality, City Council, and Governorate of Mahshahr), as well as organizations related to tourism, industry, mining and trade, ports and maritime affairs of Mahshahr, and the Imam Khomeini (RA) Petrochemical Special Economic Zone. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire, whose content validity was confirmed, and its reliability was calculated and verified using Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.956. To analyze the collected data, using the Fuzzy Delphi Method, the core capacities for urban brand competitiveness were identified and prioritized across 6 dimensions and 47 factors. The research findings indicated that, from the experts' perspective, natural and environmental indicators (0.728) and economic indicators (0.614) were identified as the most important core capabilities for urban brand competitiveness, respectively; in contrast, the historical indicator, with a value of (0.103), is considered the least important dimension in this context. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_47826.html Housing, as one of the most fundamental human needs and a key indicator of social welfare, has consistently been a central concern for urban planners and policymakers. Beyond providing shelter, housing directly influences quality of life, social justice, cultural cohesion, economic security, and urban sustainability. This study employs a descriptive-analytical approach to examine the relationships among justice-oriented urban planning, participatory-cultural approaches, housing provision models, and affordable housing. Data were collected through library research and field surveys. The population consisted of all residents of Zanjan city (430,871 individuals), from which 384 samples were selected using Cochran’s formula. Structural equation modeling with SmartPLS and the Sobel test via SPSS were used for data analysis. Findings revealed that within justice-oriented urban planning, the social justice indicator (coefficient: 0.245), and in participatory-cultural approaches, the cultural identity indicator (coefficient: 0.358) were the most significant components. In the housing provision model, public-private participation (coefficient: 0.224) was the key factor, while in affordable housing, access (coefficient: 0.306) was most influential. Path analysis showed that justice-oriented urban planning had the strongest direct effect on affordable housing (coefficient: 0.540), whereas the housing provision model exhibited the strongest overall relationship with affordable housing (coefficient: 0.629). The Sobel test confirmed the mediating role of the housing provision model in linking justice-oriented urban planning and participatory-cultural approaches to affordable housing, with a coefficient of 3.344.These results highlight the need for urban planners, particularly regarding housing for low-income groups, to design systematic and integrated indigenous housing provision models. Integrating justice-oriented planning, cultural participation, and local housing frameworks provides a practical approach to enhance accessibility, equity, and sustainable urban development. This study underscores that such integrated strategies are essential for achieving affordable housing while promoting social and cultural well-being in urban contexts. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_47827.html Abstract : Social network platforms have become context for the production and reproduction of urban experiences, public space is also beyond its physical boundaries into a medium for digital representation, social meaning and sensory interaction. This article aims to reconceptualize the notion and function of urban public space in the age of social media through a case study of Tehran’s multi-functional Chitgar complex, employing a theoretical synthesis of the " Experience Economy " and " Digital Construction of Space ". The research collected and analyzed 4,852 Instagram posts tagged with Chitgar Hashtag over the one year. Data were examined across three analytical levels: Image Analysis (using Deep Learning and Image Clustering), Text Mining ( by Topic Modeling ), and Sentiment Analysis ( based on a pre-trained Persian language model ). Findings indicate that Chitgar, as one of Tehran’s major public spaces, is undergoing a conceptual transformation from a mere recreational area into a multi - sensory, participatory urban experience. This space has evolved into a form of urban digital life, where users’ experiences gain meaning and are reproduced through continuous representation on social media, leading to the social construction of space. As a result, Chitgar has transformed into an urban brand, a symbol of experience and memory-making, social interaction, cultural consumption, and a digitally social spatial network. The study emphasizes that public spaces should be understood and managed as media-oriented and experience - based infrastructures. Utilizing social media data can serve as an effective tool for future-oriented urban design and policymaking. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_47828.html In recent decades, migration to cities and metropolises has increased. On the one hand, this has led to the emergence of urban phenomena and urbanization, and on the other hand, due to the lack of coordinated and planned policies, it has created a problem called segregation in urban neighborhoods, which has resulted in the separation of different population groups. This issue can reduce the socio-economic interactions of residents of surrounding neighborhoods, reduce the investment sector for the development of these contexts, change the attitude of most citizens towards choosing their residential space, and create many problems for residents of the aforementioned context. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to measure the level of social spatial segregation of educational and occupational groups in the city of Naqadeh. The research method is quantitative and its approach is descriptive-analytical. The data used in this study were provided by the Statistical Center of Iran and are related to the 2011 census of Naqadeh. The required data was analyzed in the form of a map using the geographic information system, GeoDa software, and spatial segregation analysis. For this purpose, the degree of single-group segregation between the upper, middle, and lower classes of the city was first measured. The results of the single-group findings based on the spatial coefficient map analysis showed that the low base in the south and southwest, the middle base in the south and southeast, and the high base in the northeast and east have the highest segregation. Based on the findings from the city center, the issue of low-density household density, which is discussed in Western countries, is seen in the city of Naqadeh. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_47847.html The rapid pace of urbanization, growing automobile dependency, and the erosion of the human scale in urban design have made it essential to reconsider the role of pedestrian spaces. The pedestrian street is not merely a corridor for movement but a realm for interaction, experience, and the reconstruction of urban identity. Despite extensive domestic research on walkability, no indigenous framework has yet been developed for assessing the quality of pedestrian spaces in Iran. This study identifies and classifies the key dimensions influencing the quality of Iranian urban pedestrian streets and proposes a conceptual model for their context specific evaluation. Adopting a qualitative approach, the research employed a systematic review based on PRISMA guidelines. A total of 163 research titles were retrieved from three Persian databases. After screening with the CASP checklist, 61 studies qualified for thematic analysis. Data were examined through a combined deductive–inductive approach and frequency indexing. Findings showed that the quality of Iranian pedestrian streets results from the dynamic interaction among four main dimensions: physical–qualitative, social, cultural–historical, and economic. The strongest synergy appeared between physical and social dimensions, reflecting a shift from “design for movement” to “design for experience and presence.” The final output was a four dimensional conceptual model with 125 sub indicators integrating physical, perceptual, behavioral, and cultural aspects. Walkability in Iran has evolved from a hardware oriented concern to a human centered and perceptual practice, where improving urban quality depends on understanding form, culture, and society—the transition from a “physical logic” to a “human logic,” making the pedestrian way a stage of human presence in the city. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_48059.html An inclusive city is defined as a livable and safe environment where equitable and affordable access to urban services, social services, and livelihood opportunities is provided for all residents. It aligns with the goals of sustainable development and has been emphasized in various international discourses. As a model of urban development, an inclusive city ensures equitable access for all societal groups to urban services and amenities, prioritizing social justice, quality of life, and environmental sustainability. This study, adopting a strategic approach and utilizing Meta-SWOT and PESTEL models, examines the internal and macro-environmental factors influencing the realization of an inclusive city in District 22 of Tehran. The research is applied in purpose and employs a descriptive-analytical method for data collection, using a questionnaire as the primary tool. The research variables include internal resources and capabilities of District 22 (such as green spaces, supra-regional land uses, and economic capacity) and external environmental factors (such as economic fluctuations, government policies, and environmental changes). The findings indicate that the internal capabilities of District 22 play a pivotal role in achieving an inclusive city. Key strategic advantages of this district include attracting domestic and foreign investors, a sustainable local economy, supra-regional land uses, extensive green spaces, environmental diversity, and the capacity for developing public spaces. Additionally, educational and research centers serve as reinforcing factors for an inclusive city. These factors, due to their high value, non-replicability, and strategic alignment, are of greater significance compared to other components. Consequently, to realize an inclusive city in District 22, urban managers should focus on these advantages and prioritize strategies such as enhancing investor participation, developing public spaces, and preserving the environment. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_48155.html Urban public spaces serve as arenas for individual presence and social interactions, playing a significant role in fostering a sense of attachment, place identity, and enhancing the overall quality of life. The urban landscape represents the first level of interaction between citizens and the city environment, influencing how people perceive their surroundings and develop a sense of belonging to urban spaces.Quran Gate in Shiraz is one such public urban space that, due to its unique visual and functional characteristics, holds a distinct identity and significance for both residents and tourists. This study aims to assess the impact of the landscape quality of the Quran Gate environment on citizens’ place attachment. The statistical population comprised Shiraz residents aged over 18 who had visited the site at least once for leisure purposes. Data were collected via a questionnaire from a sample of 389 participants and analyzed using one-sample t-tests, linear regression, and one-way ANOVA in SPSS. The results indicate that, from the citizens’ perspective, the landscape quality of Quran Gate across five dimensions: physical, functional, aesthetic, perceptual, and symbolic was above average. Residents also reported a relatively high level of place attachment to the site. Furthermore, findings revealed a significant positive effect of landscape quality on place attachment, with approximately 54% of the variance in citizens’ place attachment to Quran Gate explained by differences in landscape quality. The present research introduces the Quran Gate and its surrounding environment as an urban public space, whose landscape quality, according to citizens, is at an acceptable level. As a result, it has been able to create or strengthen individuals' sense of place attachment. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_48159.html Today, with the increasing expansion of architectural spaces in cities, we are witnessing more attention to the material requirements in architectural spaces, in such a way that paying attention to the spirit and spirituality flowing in the space, which itself enhances the sense of belonging to the place in the users, is highly has faded Enhancing the sense of belonging to the place due to the special type of interaction that it creates in the space is a generator of lifestyle mixed with culture and social customs for user interactions. The purpose of the research is to identify the desirable indicators affecting the promotion of the sense of belonging to the place in the Bazar space, and to further investigate the relationship of these indicators with the promotion of the sense of belonging to the place of the users in the Tehran Bazar. Data collection in this research was done by library collection and the sense of belonging to the place of users in Tehran Bazar was studied through questionnaire and qualitative data analysis. Then, the effective components were weighted by questionnaire and data analysis. The statistical sample size is 100 people, which was obtained by Cochran's formula among the residents of this area. Data analysis was done using spss26 statistical software and through correlation analysis and sample t-test, the significant relationship between the variables was checked. The results indicate that the place identity has a strong meaningful relationship with the sense of belonging to the place. Also, the sense of belonging to a place has a strong significant relationship with the location attachment variable. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_48166.html This study provides a comparative evaluation of the place identity of historical and new retail spaces in Urmia, employing a functionalist approach. It focuses on the factors and dimensions that influence place identity . By collecting 323 researcher - made questionnaires from eleven retail markets in urmia city, field evidence was evaluated descriptively and analytically, and confirmatory factor analysis was used to model the factors affecting place identity in retail spaces and to figure out the various aspects that can intervene in spatial order of retails and their identity. As mentioned, in order to analyze the gathered data from field area and through researcher-made questionnaires, we used functionalist approach. The functionalist approach, applied to avoid reducing place and its identity factors to mere objects, allows for an analysis that does not fall into historicism. By applying the Deep Picture of Functionalism (DPF), the study avoids equating the functions of factors influencing retail place identity with capitalism and de- territorialization of late capital in a flat world-view. Instead, as evidences from retales in Urmia revealed, it opens an in-between space that de- constructs the binary of traditionalism and modernism, stripping them of their hylomorphic meanings. This enables practical intervention by both human and non-human agents in the spatial order of the market. The article concludes that the debate between tradition and modernity in urban planning in Iran and Urmia has a new contender, which, through deconstruction, and on a plane of immanence, ties the place identity of the retails, to its functions. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_48184.html With increasing urbanization, spatial inequalities in access to urban services have become one of the challenges of urban planning. In the city of Urmia, the unfair distribution of urban services such as health centers, education centers, and green spaces has limited residents access to facilities and affected the quality of life. These inequalities are in conflict with the principles of sustainable development and urban justice. Therefore, the present study seeks to assess spatial justice in the 15 districts of Urmia city by integrating the 15-minute city approach and also to provide suggestions for promoting equality and access in these areas. Spatial justice as a framework for analyzing spatial inequalities in access to urban services and resources and the 15-minute city approach as an approach to local access to essential services within a 15-minute walking or cycling radius are combined in this study. The research method is analytical-spatial, and spatial-spatial analyses based on data were conducted along with statistical and library analyses, and finally, the SECA multi-criteria decision-making method was used to analyze the obtained data. The results indicate spatial inequalities in the distribution of urban services that have disrupted equitable access to facilities in the areas of Urmia city. Areas with old and central city textures, including area N11 with a final score of 0.7862, have better access to healthcare, educational, cultural services, and green spaces, while areas with new and peripheral textures, including area N4 with a final score of 0.5324, face a lack of access due to insufficient attention to the equal distribution of services. Also, key criteria such as distance to medical centers (0.0862), distance to educational centers (0.0788), and access to public transportation (0.0771) had the greatest weight in the assessment of spatial justice. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_48200.html In the case of Tabriz Municipality, the expansion of smart city projects has highlighted the need for an effective technological risk management framework. This study seeks to identify, evaluate, and prioritize these risks to support resilient and sustainable urban governance.The study adopts an applied–descriptive research design with a quantitative approach. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire developed by the researchers, focusing on two main dimensions: the probability of occurrence and the impact level of technological risks. Eight indicators were analyzed—software, authentication, smart networks, big data, transportation equipment, smart cameras, operating systems, and cybersecurity. The statistical population consisted of 73 experts and managers from Tabriz Municipality. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS and AMOS software, employing descriptive statistics, one-sample t-tests, and second-order confirmatory factor analysis to validate the research model.Findings revealed that the mean values for the probability of technological risks were generally higher than those for their impact, indicating that participants perceived these risks as highly likely but only moderately damaging. Among the indicators, transportation equipment (0.95), smart cameras (0.91), smart networks (0.88), and software (0.87) had the highest probability scores. Regarding impact, smart networks (0.88), transportation equipment (0.85), software (0.76), and smart cameras (0.76) ranked highest. Model fit indices (RMSEA = 0.053 for impact and RMSEA = 0.061 for probability) confirmed the validity and reliability of the analysis. The results demonstrate that Tabriz Municipality faces significant technological risks in its transition toward a smart city. While the probability of such risks is high, mitigation and preparedness levels remain inadequate. This imbalance reflects the municipality’s limited institutional readiness and lack of comprehensive risk management policies. Strengthening technical capacities, enhancing cybersecurity systems, integrating risk management frameworks across departments, and promoting inter-organizational collaboration are essential for improving resilience and ensuring sustainable smart urban governance. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_48361.html The phenomenon of self-built housing in the peripheries of metropolitan areas reflects the inadequacy of formal housing policies in addressing the needs of low-income urban populations. Adopting a qualitative approach and employing thematic analysis, the present study examines the lived experiences of self-builders in peri-urban villages around Mashhad. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 24 residents who had independently constructed their own homes over the past decade. Analysis of the data led to the identification of five main themes: "contexts," encompassing poverty, rising housing costs, the land and housing price gap between the urban core and the periphery, lenient construction regulations, and access to infrastructure; "enabling factors," comprising kinship networks and skill capital in the construction domain; "motivations," including escape from tenancy, reconstruction of social status, and forward-looking investment; "strategies," consisting of informal financing, incremental and low-cost construction, and negotiation with regulatory institutions; and "outcomes," involving coexistence with physical hazards, a dual dynamic of social withdrawal and integration, and hidden social costs. The findings indicate that self-built housing is a multidimensional phenomenon that, beyond its function as shelter, performs roles such as "spontaneous social security," reconstruction of identity and social status, and acts of resistance against deprivation. These settlements, having emerged under a condition of "practical tolerance" by formal institutions, occupy a position of "semi-formality" and have become "spaces of opportunity" for the urban poor. Accordingly, the prevailing concepts of "self-built housing" and "self-help housing" prove insufficient to capture the full identity, welfare, and resistant dimensions of this form of habitation, and the application of the concept "self-creative housing" may offer a more comprehensive account of this phenomenon. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_48417.html Given the environmental challenges, gridlocked traffic, and infrastructure decay in the Ahvaz metropolis, the deployment of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) is not merely a technological choice but an unavoidable necessity for enhancing urban resilience. By optimizing traffic flow and reducing transportation-related pollutants, this approach provides a systematic framework for achieving sustainable development indicators under the city’s unique climatic and social conditions. Accordingly, this study aims to identify and analyze the cross-impacts of key driving forces affecting the future role of smart transportation in strengthening the resilience of sustainable urban development in Ahvaz through the 2041 horizon. This research is futures studies by nature and employs a descriptive-analytical methodology. In the first step, the final analysis—integrating documentary studies and the Delphi technique (with the participation of urban and transportation experts) using the Micmac cross-impact analysis model—led to the extraction of 29 key drivers that delineate the resilience roadmap for Ahvaz towards 2041. The research findings indicate that the stability of Ahvaz against climatic challenges and infrastructural wear is inextricably linked to digital and institutional drivers such as "Smart Environmental Monitoring" and "Cyber Resilience." The structural stability of the model, along with the overlap of direct and indirect impacts, emphasizes the necessity of shifting from traditional physical development toward data-driven governance; essentially, the functional survival of the city in the face of crises like extreme heat and dust storms can only be guaranteed through a smart and flexible transportation system. Ultimately, sustainable development resilience by 2041 has evolved from a "structure-oriented" concept to a "data-driven" necessity, where smartification is not just an option but the backbone of sustainability for transitioning to a proactive system https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_48465.html AbstractThis study aims to explain the relationships among connectedness with nature, institutionalized cultural capital, and environmental socialization. The theoretical framework is grounded in the interconnection of the body, nature, and society, drawing on systems theory and the perspective of eco-socialization. The research employed a quantitative, survey-based design. The statistical population consisted of 520 students from the University of Tabriz during the 2023–2024 academic year. Data were collected through a researcher-designed questionnaire containing scales for connectedness with nature, institutionalized cultural capital, and environmental socialization. The reliability of the instruments was confirmed with Cronbach’s alpha coefficients ranging from 0.54 to 0.80.The results of structural equation modeling revealed that connectedness with nature had a positive and significant relationship with the eco-centered and object-centered dimensions of environmental socialization, but a negative relationship with the anthropocentric and bio-centered dimensions. These findings suggest that embodied and affective experiences of nature reduce dominative attitudes and strengthen tangible pro-environmental behaviors. Conversely, institutionalized cultural capital was positively related to anthropocentric dimensions and negatively to eco-centered and object-centered dimensions, indicating that formal education tends to reproduce rational and controlling orientations toward nature.Overall, the study demonstrates that reconstructing environmental socialization requires integrating lived experience with a transformation of science-based attitudes in order to foster a deep and enduring human–nature connection.This study, in terms of purpose, is applied and regarding data collection method, is descriptive-survey. The statistical population included all students of the University of Tabriz in the 2023-2024 academic year (19,764 people). Using multi-stage cluster sampling, a sample of 566 people was selected. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of three scalesKeywords: Connection with nature, environmental socialization, embodiment, institutionalized cultural capital, ecocentricity https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_48538.html Despite having potential spatial characteristics conducive to pedestrianization, such as finely-grained street networks and the proximity of diverse uses, the historical contexts in Iranian cities have encountered structural breaks and obvious limitations in accessibility due to interventions resulting from modernization and the evolution of urban ecological needs. The present study, by adopting an analytical and integrated approach based on the principles of spatial syntax theory, urban morphology knowledge, and specialized studies in the field of walkability, was conducted to analyze the spatial configuration and evaluate the efficiency of the pedestrian network in three traditional and historically identified neighborhoods of Tabriz, Shtarban (Davachi), Sorkhab, and Sheshgolan. The methodological approach of this study includes a considered combination of spatial configuration measures (including integration, connectivity, and spatial depth indicators) with a network-based analysis of access to vital urban services, which aims to evaluate the structure and performance of pedestrian systems in these contexts. The findings of this analysis reveal clear and significant differences in the level of spatial coherence and accessibility among the studied neighborhoods: Sheshgolan neighborhood, with its high levels of spatial integration and functional continuity, exhibits a coherent and integrated structure; while Dohchi neighborhood experiences an unfavorable situation due to its exposure to numerous spatial discontinuities, low levels of structural intelligibility, and tangible limitations in access to urban services. Sorkhab neighborhood also depicts an intermediate situation with relatively balanced coherence in its spatial structure. Beyond the scope of empirical analysis, this research, by presenting contextual intervention solutions based on a deep understanding of the cultural characteristics of these contexts, including suggestions such as targeted reconnection of disjointed routes and equitable redistribution of urban services, outlines new horizons for improving the quality of pedestrian movement without harming the authenticity and historical identity of these neighborhoods. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_45507.html The lack of interaction between urban planning and economic requirements for marketing the competitive advantages of a city is not limited to the city itself; rather, it should be viewed in a comprehensive perspective that includes its surrounding areas. The urban periphery has traditionally been designed to control urban population growth and prevent sprawl. However, this limited perspective has turned the periphery into cost-limited zones, lacking a suitable approach to harness the potential of the urban periphery in line with sustainable urban development. The main issue lies in the limited contribution of the periphery to the sustainable revenue of city municipalities. The objective of this research is to elucidate the challenges of green marketing in urban planning within the periphery based on existing contexts, in order to diversify and increase sustainable urban revenues from the periphery. Green marketing involves identifying attractive investment opportunities for various economic sectors in alignment with environmental objectives. The research method used in this article is qualitative, employing content analysis. Seventeen experts in urban management, natural resources, and city officials were interviewed using this method, with interview durations ranging from 25 to 55 minutes. The purpose was to explore the position of this concept in urban planning within the periphery, considering instances of green marketing aligned with sustainable development goals. The results indicate that the development of urban green marketing in the periphery requires a multidimensional approach and collaboration among institutions, organizations, businesses, and the local community to achieve environmental and economic improvements. With the participation of city municipalities in investments, environmental concerns and their consequences can receive increased attention. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_45737.html The result of urban-decline is the formation of areas that lack the minimum quality and standard needed for life.These areas have lost their residential advantages over time and caught in the cycle of urban-decline and decay Or that they are formed in an unfavorable way from the very beginning.In the meantime, many areas which are referred to as worn out and ineffective areas have historical and cultural heritage value.The ups and downs of the 378-hectare heritage-area of Shiraz-city and the possible damages caused to it have caused the erosive process of destroying the physical and semantic values of this historical-cultural place.Therefore,the present article aims to explain the factors of inefficiency and deterioration of heritage areas in the heritage area of Shiraz city as a case study,and in order to face this problem, provide a sustainable and integrated model for the heritage-led regeneration.In the first step,the researchers used the documentary-archival review method and identified, extracted and classified the theoretical and practical background of the research in the field of heritage-based regeneration;After choosing the study case, the presence of critics,experts and specialists was used to present the initial idea and find the root of the problem.And in order to know the stockholders of the heritage-area and achieve the desired results of the research,the snowball sampling method,questionnaires and semi-structured interviews (in-depth and face-to-face) were used.Data analysis was done with the paradigm model design method while using MAXQDA software.Finally,the model of heritage-led sustainable urban regeneration has been developed and proposed.In this model, heritage is the background for 3-components power,people and capital.The presented model can be a breakthrough in the evaluation of policies and interventions Also,this model can be used to determine the sustainability of approaches that are proposed as regeneration. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_45864.html Public spaces attendance is one of the important criteria of their success. These spaces are a manifestation of the social life of the city and therefore creating spaces that attract people; It can help the social sustainability of the city. The purpose of this research is to investigate the amount and quality of attendance and the factors affecting it in three of the main streets of Qaen city. In this research, field data was collected using a questionnaire. The statistical population is citizens aged 15 and above in Qaen city. The sample size is 350 people and the random sampling method is simple. The results showed that the attendance of citizens in terms of the number of times of attendance is mostly weekly and then monthly, and daily attendance is less frequent. The quality of attendance is also low, and these streets are mostly places where essential activities are performed, and and elective activities are less frequent. These streets are less places for social activities and therefore are not considered sociable. In general, the quality of attendance is average. The results of multiple linear regression also showed that the variables of land use and activity, protection, convenience to perform basic activities, visual quality, physical accessibility and social inclusion have an effect on the attendance rate of urban streets. Meanwhile, the role of protection and social access factors is more than other factors. The one-sample t-test also showed that the physical-environmental quality of the streets is generally average. Considering the impact of physical-environmental variables on the presence of citizens, upgrading and improving these variables in the streets of Qaen city can help to increase the attendence of these public spaces. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_46320.html purpose of this research is to investigate and analyze the impact factors of peri-urban agricultural development on reducing land use conflicts in the northeast of Mashhad city research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature. Data collection was done by document and field methods of completing the questionnaire made by researcher, validity of questionnaire was obtained from opinions of experts and specialists and reliability check was obtained from Cronbach's alpha test in the variable of user conflicts 0.805 and in the variable of urban agriculture development0.941.sample size of the statistical population is144 specialists in the field of urban planning and agriculture, who were selected purposefully and with theoretical saturation. In order to analyze the data, descriptive and inferential (path analysis, Sperman and Friedman) statistical tests and Smart Pls model have been used. findings of the research showed that social factors with an average of(4.73), economy with(3.58), political and planning factors(3.37),physical and technical factors(1.88) and biophysical factors with(1.44) Each of them, respectively had the greatest impact on conflicts and changes in the use of agricultural land in the peri-urban areas in the northeast of Mashhad metropolis.Correlation results showed there is a significant and positive relationship between the sustainable development of peri-urban agriculture and the reduction of land use conflicts. Based on the finding of PLS software, it can be stated that final factor of the benefits of urban agriculture on the reduction of land use conflicts is 0.334.Therefore, first step to deal with the excessive development of the city in the peri-urban fertile lands of the studied area is necessary to prevent land use change and destruction of agricultural and natural lands on the edge of the city as much as possible. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_46391.html Abstract: For the successful implementation of tourism development, the support of residents is essential. The present study attempts to examine the relationships between the positive and negative economic, environmental, and social impacts of tourism, satisfaction with the place, attachment to the place, mental health, attitude toward tourism, support for tourism, and behavioral intentions (revisit and recommendation). The questions asked of the residents of Rasht are divided into two categories. The first category includes demographic questions, and the second category includes items of the research components. This study consists of nine components as follows: positive and negative economic impacts of tourism, positive and negative environmental impacts of tourism, positive and negative social impacts of tourism, mental health, attachment to the place, satisfaction with the place, attitude toward tourism, support for tourism, and behavioral intentions. 390 citizens of Rasht completed the questionnaire for the present study, and Smart Pls and Spss software were used to analyze the data. In the present study, 48% of the respondents were female and 52% were male. Also, most of the respondents are in the age range of 20 to 29 years. The age range of 70 to 79 years has the lowest frequency. The results of the present study indicate that the effect of social effects of tourism on attachment to place, satisfaction and mental health is positive and significant. The effect of environmental effects of tourism on attitude towards tourism is also positive and significant. According to the findings of the study, attitude partially mediates the relationship between social effects and support for tourism (60%). Attitude partially mediates the relationship between environmental effects and support for tourism (35%). The results of the present study can help urban management in achieving sustainable tourism. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_46531.html The ability of urban structures to respond to environmental perceptions in historical contexts is increasingly recognized as important for improving urban living conditions and addressing modern challenges of urbanization. The research aims to measure urban structures' responsiveness to environmental components based on pedestrian movement levels and identify key effective factors in Zanjan city's historical context. The research method in the current study is descriptive-analytical based on field survey. A total of 384 people were questioned with an error level of 0.05% using Cochran's formula by random sampling to achieve the goal. In order to determine the speed of pedestrian movement in relation to the perceptual space and their relationship, observation and photography techniques were used. Observations were taken at a certain time in the morning (10 to 12) and evening (5 to 7) among men and women. The study conclusively demonstrated that the different pedestrian axes exhibited varying environmental perceptions based on urban structures and elements, as well as pedestrian movement speed. Following extensive renovations and improvements, the Sabzeh Maidan pedestrian axis now unequivocally boasts exceptional aesthetic and visual quality, with a high concentration of service and commercial establishments such as the bazaar, the Grand Mosque, old houses, and historical textures at its center, creating a fabric with a distinct identity. Key factors were unequivocally identified, and variables were decisively extracted in 5 main dimensions: pedestrian-oriented design, public space security, urban furniture, landscape and environmental quality, and access to public spaces. In essence, urban spaces must be designed to indisputably attract citizens and pedestrians, but it's crucial to note that not all urban plans effectively integrate these elements. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_47179.html The landscape is an area that a person is considered a part of, lives with it and finally transforms it. Based on this; The nature of peri-urban rural places expands and changes more deeply with the passage of time. However, the passage of time reveals that the transformation of the rural landscape is constant and dynamic. Despite the value of analyzing this topic, no comprehensive and comprehensive study has been conducted to analyze bibliometrics in this field. In order to fill the research gap in this field, the current research has used the bibliometric methodology by reviewing related writings. Based on this; Articles published in this field were collected from the Scopus database between 1979 and 2024, and then 211 articles were selected based on the literature review of this field. Finally, in order to analyze the articles, VOSviewer bibliometric method was used. The findings reveal the creation of a number of prominent authors and pioneering scientific publications related to the subject under study, which have helped to understand this phenomenon and its consequences in a deeper way. It is necessary to strengthen the inter-institutional cooperation of researchers in research in this field in order to give a consistent response to its globalization process. Also, the countries of the United States, Italy, Spain, England and China had the most publications of scientific documents in the subject field. The density and accumulation of words in the cluster space; Essays: landscape, rural landscape, cultural landscape, cultural heritage in the center and core of the map. Of course, the emergence of new research questions: sense of place, construction of what is, Cultural identity, identity construction, ecosystem services, landscape planning and sustainable development; They provide new opportunities for future research in this field. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_47510.html The neighborhood plays a prominent role in social integration, because good neighborhood relations help to create effective social networks and form social connections (Ruan et al, 2023). One of the problems in the neighborhood's urban regeneration process is the lack of social integration (Jin, 2022). In addition, there is a need for greater social integration in the urban regeneration process of a neighborhood that involves the local community in planning and decision-making. Urban regeneration at the neighborhood level can have a positive impact on the quality of life and creating social cohesion and integration. This research was conducted with the aim of identifying the effective factors on the urban regeneration pattern of Briyank neighborhood and also investigating the mediating role of social integration in this pattern. The results of this research show that the three variables of participation, social connection and justice and equality directly affect the urban regeneration process of Briyank neighborhood and the increase of these variables in the neighborhood can lead to the success of the urban regeneration projects of this neighborhood. The results obtained from the bootstrap show that social integration partially has a positive mediating effect on participation with P=0.006, social connection with P=0.017 and justice and equality with P=0.004 in the urban regeneration process of Briyank neighborhood. These results show that the variables of participation, social connection and justice and equality will directly affect the pattern of urban regeneration of the neighborhood; But if there is social integration in the neighborhood, the partial effect of the presence of a mediator will facilitate the participation of residents, establish better social relations with each other, and increase the probability of establishing justice and equality in the urban regeneration process of Briyank neighborhood. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_47949.html Rapid urbanization and increase in population density have created problems such as pollution and decreasing the quality of life for cities. In this context, the use of green infrastructure can help reduce these issues and promote urban resilience. The present study was prepared with the aim of the spatial consequences of green infrastructures on the functional system of neighborhood resilience in Tehran. The research method is practical in terms of cognitive-explanatory purpose. In the library section, the required data was obtained through the results of the general population and housing census of 2015. NDVI index was used to analyze urban green infrastructure and geographical weighted regression (GWR) technique was used in GIS software to analyze spatial effects and correlations. The results showed that access to green infrastructure is different in Tehran neighborhoods; Derkeh and Jamaran are the most benefited and Bazar and Selsabil North are the least benefited, while Valenjak and Shahrak Quds are at an average level. The results of geographic weighted regression show that green infrastructure has a significant effect on all dimensions of resilience. Specifically, green infrastructure explains about 41% of the variance of the physical dimension, 37% of the economic dimension, 40% of the social dimension, and 51% of the overall resilience. The values ​​of R² and other model evaluation indicators indicate the accuracy and high quality of the analysis. Therefore, green infrastructures will effectively promote the functional system of urban resilience in economic, social and physical dimensions, and investing in the design and development of these infrastructures will lead to the improvement of the neighborhoods. https://jgusd.um.ac.ir/article_48681.html Utilizing the social capacities and participatory potential of residents living within historical urban fabrics can serve as a social anchor in crisis management, reducing vulnerability and thereby enhancing and strengthening social resilience. Accordingly, the present study aims to analyze the social capacities of the historical fabric of the Rasht-e-Kucheh neighborhood in Tabriz in promoting social resilience against crises. This research is quantitative in nature, and the collected data were analyzed using SPSS software and the path analysis method to examine both the direct and indirect effects on social resilience. The findings reveal that the variable of participatory capacity plays the most significant role in enhancing social resilience, with a t-value of 4.98. Furthermore, the results indicate that mutual trust among residents, sense of place attachment, and active neighborhood interactions indirectly contribute to strengthening social resilience. In addition, local networks and traditional social institutions act as effective mediators in transmitting social capital and fostering social cohesion during crises. Overall, the study emphasizes the crucial role of social capital, particularly trust and active citizen cooperation, in crisis planThe findings reveal that the variable of participatory capacity plays the most significant role in enhancing social resilience, with a t-value of 4.98. Furthermore, the results indicate that mutual trust among residents, sense of place attachment, and active neighborhood interactions indirectly contribute to strengthening social resilience. In addition, local networks and traditional social institutions act as effective mediators in transmitting social capital and fostering social cohesion during crises. Overall, the study emphasizes the crucial role of social capital, particularly trust and active citizen cooperation, in crisis plan