Document Type : علمی - پژوهشی

Authors

1 Isfahan University

2 Urumia University

Abstract

Extended Abstract
1. INTRODUCTION
Creative city is a place with strong potentials for arts, culture, creativity and innovation which is characterized by four scenarios of creative human capital, quality of life, innovation and social capital aimed at the application of sustainable development indicators. Also, concepts such inventions and creativity in all scientific fields, creative industries, elements of sustainable economy and environment are the criteria underlying complete social welfare and improved quality of life as well as the livability of the city. As a result, given that city and its quality of life are directly influenced by the attitude towards urban issues, urban creativity as a strategic approach affects the above criteria. The creative class has a major impact on the study of factors that can motivate competition in urban areas. In the conceptual model of this research, the application of creative class as human and social capital will encourage innovation in urban environments, which would result in improved quality of life of residents. Now, if this component of creative city is applied to all indicators of sustainability, the foundation for the realization of a creative city will be laid. In this regard, competition and collusion of realizable and conflicting elements as well as conformity are the main barriers to sustainable urban development and creative city. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between sustainable development indicators and criteria of creative cities in Yazd Province with an eye toward the implementation of sustainable creative city.

2. METHODOLOGY

This is a descriptive-analytical study and statistical population consists of 24 cities of Yazd Province, The research draw on 35 indicators of sustainable development and 22 indicators of a creative city. For data analysis, the model of urban rating - size, Entropy Coefficient and TOPSIS model were used. Furthermore, to test the relationship between thzzsxze variables, inferential statistics tests such as correlation coefficient, multiple regression and path analysis were employed.

3. DISCUSSION

In many programs, especially in urban and regional planning, the number of population and spatial-temporal distribution is of particular importance. According to the official statistics of Iran, Yazd province had a population of 401,868 people in 1976 which increased to 1,074,428 people in 2011. In recent decades, in addition to population growth there has been an increase in the numbers of cities as well. This has led to unbalanced distribution of population in this Province, giving rise to urban imbalances and inequalities. The results of Entropy distribution show relative imbalance in the process of spatial distribution of cities in urban network. Also, the rate-size model suggests that over these years, there has been an imbalance in the slope of the regression line in urban system of Yazd province. Accordingly, a study of indicators of sustainable development in Yazd province shows Yazd and Mybod fall in the group of sustainable cities. Also, the results of path analysis about the indicators of a creative city show that innovation variable (0.672) 0 and education (0.537) have the largest effects in the cities of Yazd province in terms of sustainable development and creative city respectively. Also multiple correlation coefficients (R) confirm the relationship between indicators of creative city and sustainable urban development (as a combined index) in cities of Yazd province with a rate of 0.569. Finally, given its substantial human capital, numerous experts high growth rate and multiple technology centers, the city of Yazd has great potentials in using renewable energy (solar, wind) and advancing toward the realization of a creative city.

4. CONCLUSION

Finally, suggestions that can help the realization of creative cities in Yazd province include the employment of creative cultural industries in cities, dynamics of cultural products, extensive investment in urban infrastructures, utilization of renewable energy, life standards and superior technologies, the development of growth centers, science and technology parks and Elites Office in provincial cities and attracting elites, investment and development of IT infrastructure in cities toward the realization of eCitizen as well as the access of all citizens to cyberspaces (Internet.), which nurture creativity and innovation among citizens.

Keywords

1. رحیمی، م؛ مردعلی، م؛ داها، ا. و فلاح‌زاده، ع.ا. (1392). شهر خلاق (مبانی نظری و شاخص‌ها)، مجلۀ دانش شهر. 196 (9). صص 68-1.
2. زیاری، ک.ا. (1380). توسعۀ پایدار و مسؤولیت برنامه‌ریزان در قرن بیست‌و‌یکم. مجلۀ دانشکدۀ ادبیات و علوم انسانی. 160. صص 386-371.
3. قرخلو، م. و حسینی، س.ه. (1386). شاخص‌های توسعۀ پایدار شهری. مجلۀ جغرافیا و توسعۀ ناحیه‌ای. شمارۀ 8.. صص 17-157.
4. محمدی، ج. (1392). جزوۀ درسی نظریۀ اجتماعی شهرها. دانشگاه اصفهان. گروه جغرافیا. ایران.
5. پور اصغر سنگاچین، ف؛ صالحی، ا و مثنوی، م. (1389). مقایسۀ تطبیقی- تحلیلی روش‌های سنجش توسعۀ پایدار. مجلۀ پژوهش‌های محیط زیست. 1 (1). صص 67-82.
6. مرکز آمار ایران. (1355، 1365، 1375، 1385، 1390). سرشماری عمومی نفوس و مسکن. شهرهای استان یزد. ایران.
7. موسوی، م.ن. (1388). تحلیل کارکرد مرز بر ساختار فضایی شهرهای مرزی (مورد: آذربایجان غربی). پایان‌نامۀ منتشر‌نشدۀ دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری. دانشگاه اصفهان. ایران.
8. روزلند، م. (1378). ابعاد شهر اکولوژیک. مترجم: مهدی موسی کاظمی محمدی. مجلۀ جغرافیا رشد آموزش جغرافیا. 53 (12). صص 44-37.
9. Audia, P. G., & Rider, C. I. (2010). Close, but not the same: locally headquartered organizations and agglomeration economies in a declining industry. Research Policy, 39(3), 360-374. doi:10.1016/j.respol.2010.01.007
10. Beckstead, D., & Brown, W. M., (2006). Capacity innovation: employ en science set en genie dam’les villas comedienne set Americans. Statistic Canada, Ottawa, p. 128.
11. Bourne, L. S., Hutton, T. A., Shearmur, R., & Simmons, J. (Eds.) (2011). Canadian urban regions: Trajectories of growth and change. Toronto, Canada: Oxford University Press.
12. Clark, T. N. (2004a). Gays and urban development: how are they linked? In The City as an Entertainment Machine. T. N. Clark (ed.), 221–234. Elsevier, Oxford, UK.
13. Clark, T. N. (2004b). Urban amenities: lakes, opera and juice bars, do they drive development? In The City as an Entertainment Machine. T. N. Clark (ed.), 103–140. Elsevier, Oxford, UK.
14. Darchen, S., & Tremblay, D. G. (2010). What attracts and retains knowledge workers/students: The quality of place or career opportunities? The cases of Montreal and Ottawa Cities. Elsevier, 27(4),225-233. www.elsevier.com.
15. Deffner, A., & Vlachopoulou, C. (2010). Creative city: A new challenge of strategic urban planning? Department of Planning and Regional Development, School of Engineering. University of Thessaly, Volos, 383 34, Greece. P. 48.
16. Evans, G. (2009). Creative cities, creative spaces, and urban policy. Urban Studies, 46.
17. Florida, R. (2002). The economic geography of talent. Annals of the Associations of American Geographers, 92(4), 743–755.
18. Florida, R. (2005). Cities and the creative class. City and Community, 2(1), 340-356.
19. Gilbert, B. A. (2012). Creative destruction: Identifying its geographic origins. Research Policy, 41, 737, Journal home page: www.elsevier.com.
20. Glaeser, E. L. (2005). Review of Richard Florida’s the rise of the creative class. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 35(5), 593–596.
21. Hall, P. (2000). Creative cities and economic development. Urban Studies, 37(4), 639-649.
22. Hospers, G. J. & Dalm, R. V. (2005). How to create a creative city. The viewpoints of Richard Florida and Jane Jacobs. Foresight, 7(4), 8-12.
23. Kong, L. (2011). From precarious labor to precarious economy, planning for precocity in Singapore’s creative economy. City, Culture and Society, 2(2), 55-64.
24. Leonie, S. (2005). A new spin on the creative city: Artist/planner collaborations. Planning Theory and Practice, 6(1), 101-128.
25. Long, J. (2009). Sustaining creativity in the creative archetype: the case of Austin, Texas. Cities, 26(4), 210-219.
26. Maning, J., & Darnton, J. (2006). Social diversity and economic development in the metropolis. Journal of Planning Literature, 21(2), 153-168.
27. Neil, B. (2004). Creative Cities Structured Policy Dialogue Backgrounder. CPRN Backgrounder Paper, pp. 1- 21. Retrived from http://cprn.org/documents/31345_en.pdf.
28. Ooi, C. S. (2008). Credibility of a creative image: The Singaporean approach. Creative encounters: Creativity at work, Copenhagen: Copenhagen Business School, pp. 1-21. Retrieved fromجhttp:// openarchive. cbs.dk/bitstream/ handle/ 10398/7774/ Creative %20Encounters% 20Working % 20Papers%207.pdf?sequence=1.
29. Pour Asghar Sangachin, F., Solhi, A., & Masnavi, M. (2010). Comparative-analytic comparison of the methods of measuring sustainable development. Environmental Researches, 1(1), 67-82.
30. Pratt, C. (2011). The cultural contradictions of the creative city. City, Culture and Society, 2(3), 123-130. Journal homepage: www.elsevier.com.
31. Pratt, C., & Hutton, T. (2012). Reconceptualising the relationship between the creative economy and the city: Learning from the financial crisis. Cities xxx, 33, 1-10. Homepage: www.elsevier.com.
32. Scott, A. J. (2006). The cultural economy of cities, sage, creative cities: Conceptual issues and policy questions. Journal of Urban Affairs, 28(1), 1-17.
33. Siebel, W. (2008). Talent, Tolerant, Technologies, critics and marking gen dried neon deer stand politic. Region Poll, Festschrift Four Regional Wirtschaft, 1(1), 31-39.
34. Yusuf, Sh., & Nabeshima, K. (2005). Creative industries in East Asia. Cities, 22(2), 109-122.
35. Zimmerman, J. (2008). From brew town to cool town: neoliberals and creative city development strategy in Milwaukee. Cities, 25, 230–242.
CAPTCHA Image