نوع مقاله : پژوهشی-مطالعه موردی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه شهرسازی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران
2 استادیار گروه معماری و شهرسازی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران
3 دانشیار گروه معماری و شهرسازی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله English
نویسندگان English
One of the main challenges in achieving sustainability in cities is natural and unnatural hazards, which can cause irreparable damage to different dimensions of cities in case of lack of awareness and preparation. In the meantime, vital infrastructures are an important factor in increasing damages and also one of the main elements of recovering the effects of various hazards, and making them resilient is considered one of the necessities of the city planning system. In this regard, In this regard, the present research was written with the aim of evaluating the management of critical infrastructures with an emphasis on the resilience approach in Pounak neighborhood of Tehran. Therefore, the research method is applied from the point of view of the objective and from the point of view of analytical-exploratory nature, in order to analyze the information, have been used structural equation modeling in Amos software and multi-criteria decision-making technique of DEMATEL. The statistical community of the research also includes experts and specialists in urban issues of the region 5 of Tehran municipality and the district 3 of this region, and the sample size was determined using Cohen's method of 60 people. The findings of the research indicate that the variables of strength of local infrastructure, establishment and accessibility with a critical value greater than 1.96 at the 95% confidence level have a favorable situation and the recovery and management structure of local infrastructure with a critical value of less than 1.96 has an unfavorable situation in Pounak neighborhood of Tehran. Also, the infrastructure management structure variable has the most influence and the recovery variable has the most influence. The results also show that the disability recovery variable and the variables of management structure of local infrastructure, strength and establishment and access are the causal variables.
Keywords: Resilience, Critical infrastructure, Tehran metropolis, Punak neighborhood, Management.
Extended Abstract
Introduction
One of the fundamental challenges in achieving urban sustainability is natural and unnatural hazards, which, without sufficient awareness and preparedness, can cause irreparable damage. Critical infrastructure is a significant factor in increasing damages and is one of the main pillars of post-hazard recovery, making their resilience a necessity in urban planning. The present study has been written to assess the management of critical infrastructure with an emphasis on the resilience approach in the Punak neighborhood of Tehran.
Method
The research method is applied in terms of purpose and analytical-exploratory in nature. The statistical population of the study includes experts and specialists in urban issues of District 5 of the Tehran Municipality and its sub-district 3. Due to the unknown size of the statistical population, the sample size was determined to be 60 individuals using Cohen's method, with access to them based on a snowball sampling pattern. It is worth noting that according to the snowball method, initially 6 people were selected as the initial sample, then 19 people were introduced through the first group, and finally 35 people were introduced through the second group as the sample, totaling 60 individuals. Furthermore, for data analysis, structural equation modeling using Amos software and the DEMATEL multi-criteria decision-making technique were employed. The study area is the Punak neighborhood in sub-district three of District 5 of the Tehran Municipality, which itself is divided into two neighborhoods: North Punak and South Punak.
Results
The research findings indicate that the variables of infrastructure robustness and their placement and accessibility, with a critical value greater than 1.96 at a 95% confidence level, are in a favorable condition in the neighborhood. In contrast, the variables of recovery and infrastructure management structure, with a critical value of less than 1.96, are in an unfavorable condition. Furthermore, the variable of infrastructure management structure has the greatest influence, while the variable of infrastructure recovery is the most influenced. The results also show that the recovery variable is an effect variable, whereas the variables of infrastructure management structure, robustness, and placement and accessibility are cause variables. Therefore, in order to enhance the resilience of critical infrastructure in the neighborhood, a systematic approach is needed in the management structure of infrastructures, their strengthening and positioning, as well as an emphasis on effective recovery patterns.
Discussion and Conclusion
Today, assessing the resilience of critical infrastructure, especially at the local scale which is the primary level of urban planning and development, is an unavoidable necessity. In this regard, effective risk management actions by local governments, identification of local capacities, and independent, bottom-up management have been cited as necessities for making urban areas resilient. On the other hand, in the management and planning of infrastructure resilience, four principles—robustness, redundancy, resourcefulness, and rapidity—must be considered. Furthermore, the resilience of a system and community is strongly influenced by its infrastructure's ability to recover after critical situations. In this context, three recovery patterns—structural recovery, functional recovery, and transformational recovery—are effective in infrastructure resilience. Finally, the three fundamental levels of making infrastructure resilient include prevention, monitoring, and recovery. Additionally, using resilience management and planning assessment methods for critical infrastructure, the Punak neighborhood is in a favorable condition due to its robust infrastructure and avoidance of secondary hazards. Redundancy, resourcefulness, and rapidity in this neighborhood are in an unfavorable condition due to the lack of emergency scenarios and adequate support to optimize the time to return to the original state. From the perspective of structural recovery and the creation of new infrastructure, the condition of the Punak neighborhood is favorable. However, in terms of transformational recovery (innovation in infrastructure) and functional recovery (functional recovery of vulnerable infrastructure and functional diversity of infrastructure), the neighborhood's condition is unfavorable. On the other hand, in this view, persistence and recovery have been identified as the two main elements of infrastructure resilience, and by improving the system efficiency index and the system efficiency recovery time, the prerequisites for the resilience of the Punak neighborhood from an infrastructure perspective must be provided.
کلیدواژهها English
