Housing is one of the main arenas in which spatial inequality is produced and reproduced in urban areas, and housing policies can either mitigate or intensify these inequalities depending on their orientation, implementation mechanisms, and support systems. Accordingly, this study aims to identify and prioritize the components of housing policies affecting spatial inequality. The research adopts a qualitative–quantitative design based on meta-synthesis and Shannon entropy. In the first stage, relevant Persian and international studies published between 2016 and 2025 were reviewed, screened, and analyzed through meta-synthesis in order to extract the key dimensions and components linking housing policy to spatial inequality. In the second stage, Shannon entropy was employed to determine the relative importance and priority of the extracted components. The findings indicate that variables such as housing market control, housing subsidies, investment, housing quality, housing prices, access to services, and geographical location play the most significant role in the formation and intensification of spatial inequality. The results further show that spatial inequality in housing is not a single-cause phenomenon; rather, it emerges from the interaction of economic structures, patterns of service distribution, support policies, and spatial governance mechanisms. Therefore, reducing housing-related spatial inequality requires a comprehensive policy approach that goes beyond housing provision alone and addresses the broader socio-spatial distribution of opportunities and urban services. The study concludes that revising housing policies with an emphasis on balanced service distribution, targeted support for disadvantaged groups, investment redirection toward deprived areas, and effective market regulation can contribute substantially to the reduction of spatial inequality and the promotion of urban justice.