نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
2 دانشگاه آزاد ملایر
چکیده
کیفیت زندگی مفهومی فرارشته‌ای است که طی دهه‌های اخیر بسیاری از شاخه‌های علوم انسانی بدان توجه کرده‌اند. این مفهوم در تحلیل‌های اجتماعی و اقتصادی دربارۀ توسعۀ جوامع شهری نیز مطرح شده و بر منابع موجود در شهرها تأکید دارد؛ بنابراین هدف از این پژوهش بررسی تأثیر شرایط محلات شهری بر میزان رضایتمندی شهروندان از کیفیت زندگی در شهر کوهدشت است. نوع پژوهش از نظر هدف، کاربردی و از نظر روش و ماهیت توصیفی‌تحلیلی است. برای گردآوری اطلاعات از روش‌های کتابخانه‌ای و میدانی (پرسش‌نامه، مشاهده و مصاحبه) استفاده شده است. جامعۀ آماری این پژوهش 95هزار نفر جمعیت ساکن در شهر در نظر گرفته شده است که با خطای 05/0 و حجم نمونۀ 322 پرسش‌نامه محاسبه شده است. پرسش‌نامه به‌صورت تصادفی بین مردم توزیع شده تا اصل فرصت بین مردم به‌طور مساوی تقیسم شود. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها نیز از روش‌های تحلیل کمّی و کیفی استفاده شده است. نتایج نشان داد که بیشتر شرکت‌کنندگان از قلمرو جغرافیای و محیط طبیعی رضایت کامل داشته‌اند و از قلمرو کالبدی ناراضی بودند، به‌طوری که در بین قلمروها، قلمرو جغرافیا و محیط بالاترین و قلمرو کالبدی پایین‌ترین میانگین امتیاز را به خود اختصاص داده‌اند. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که محلۀ کونانی‌ها دارای بالاترین رتبه و محلۀ شیراوند دارای پایین‌ترین رتبه در بین محلات شهری از لحاظ کیفیت زندگی در محدودۀ مورد مطالعه بوده است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
The Effectiveness of Urban Areas on Citizens' Level of Satisfaction in Life Quality in Kouhdasht
نویسندگان [English]
- Aliakbar Anabestani 1
- Samad Amrai 2
- Ahmad Roumiani 1
1 Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2 Islamic Azad University Malayer Branch
چکیده [English]
Expanded Abstract
1. Introduction
Life quality is a transdisciplinary concept which has been recently explored in human fields. The concept has been proposed in social and economic analyses and emphasized the accessible resources in cities. According to the available statistics, nearly half of the world population is living in cities, which is expected to rise in the forthcoming decades. In general, this may be due to the efforts of many people to satisfy their needs and appropriate facilities in the urban life.
2. Theoretical framework
One of the indicators of sustainable urban development is the development of urban areas. Therefore, the development of urban areas indicates a process through which the capital obtained by the society can increase to improve the life quality of residents. Thus, it is safe to say that the development of urban areas includes all issues related to housing, economic development, citizens' participation, social welfare, sense of security, promotion of education, and environmental issues with which all these factors are interconnected. In this sense, the life quality issue is proposed. Personal life quality is presented as an understanding of person's life; on the other hand, the aim of using life quality is to help people use high life quality. Life quality is a complex and multidimensional concept influenced by some variables such as time, location, and personal and social values. In this study, four perspectives of Rajeb are discussed, including sociological perspective, social and geographic sciences, and urban planning. As for the life quality perspective, two approaches are used: 1) Scandinavian approach, 2) American approach.
3. Methodology
The research is done to evaluate the role of urban areas by emphasizing on life quality in Kouhdasht. Such research requires a perspective having a holistic view. The research is of the applied type and the methodology used is descriptive-analytic. Library and field methods (observations, questionnaires, & interviews) were used to collect the data. To analyze the data, the descriptive and inferential along with qualitative analysis statistical methods were used through the SPSS software. Likert questionnaire was used in order to evaluate the role of urban areas development in sustainable development while emphasizing on life quality in four indicators, including social, cultural, economic, and environmental indicators. In the current research, the population included 95 thousands urban residents. The sample size included the 322 questionnaires having 85 items each which were calculated with an error of 0.05. The questionnaires were then randomly distributed among the residents. To rank and rate the quality of the areas, the municipality heads’ opinions were used in a qualitative manner.
4. Discussion and Conclusion
Recently, life quality has become a conventional subject for sociologists and planners; therefore, life quality is a multidimensional concept in social sciences which is effective in most fields in society. It has also occupied a special place in literature regarding the development, whereas some researchers have considered it as a missing link. With urbanization boom and the issues arising from it, life quality and relaxation in the urban areas in recent decades has led to the development life standards in urban areas. The study area under investigation is within the city limits of Kouhdasht (Lorestan Province) in the south-western slopes of the Zagros Mountains with an age of over a hundred years which has faced great changes in terms of urban furniture. The city, like other cities of the country in the past three decades, life quality has been considerably increased since the start of with the prospect of planning process in the country. In this sense, on the one hand, people’s attitudes toward lifestyle and life quality in these areas have been considered. On the other hand, the infrastructures of the areas have attracted the urban managers and planners’ attention, which has provided the grounds for improving life quality in the city. In this study, thus, the geographic, natural, social, economic and skeletal areas are discussed. The participants were asked to state their level of satisfaction about the areas in question. The results indicated that most of the participants were satisfied with their geographic areas with the highest rank, whereas the skeletal area achieved the lowest rank. According to the responses, the urban areas were ranked, Kounaeiha was at the highest rank and Shiravand was at the lowest rank, whereas Kounaeiha in economic and skeletal areas was at the second rank. As this area was near the city center, it achieved the first rank. Since Shiravand was far from the city center, it achieved the lowest rank. The life quality in Kouhdasht has improved given the economic, social conditions and the feasibility of facilities, and the hypothesis is thuis confirmed.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Urban areas
- Sustainable development
- Life quality
- Kouhdasht
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