بررسی رابطه قابلیت پیاده روی در محله و سلامت ذهنی(مطالعه موردی: شهر رشت)

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

• علی اکبر سالاری پور ¹
• زهرا سیف ریحانی ²

¹ عضو هیأت علمی گروه مهندسی شهرسازی دانشکده معماری و هنر، دانشگاه گیلان

² دانشگاه گیلان

https://doi.org/10.22067/jgusd.2022.77401.1216

چکیده

محیط ساخته شده یکی از عوامل مهم تعیین کننده در میزان فعالیت جسمانی و در نتیجه سلامت فردی است. پژوهش حاضر به بررسی تأثیر محیط کالبدی شهر  بر فعالیت جسمانی، انسجام اجتماعی، حس تعلق اجتماعی و سلامت ذهنی می پردازد. به این منظور با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری تصادفی دو مرحله ای، 380 پرسش نامه در محله هایی از شهر رشت تکمیل شد و داده های حاصل با استفاده از مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری در نرم افزار SMART PLS3  مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. یافته های پژوهش نشان می دهد  که محیط ساخته شده عامل مرتبه دومی از 5 مؤلفه ی نزدیکی به امکانات، کاهش عوامل تنش زای محیطی، کیفیت زیرساخت، دسترسی و اتصال پذیری و خطرات ترافیکی می باشد. محیط ساخته شده به طور مثبت و معناداری بر انسجام اجتماعی، حس تعلق اجتماعی و فعالیت فیزیکی تأثیر می گذارد. حس تعلق اجتماعی و فعالیت فیزیکی نیز به طور مثبت و معناداری بر سلامت ذهنی اثرگذار است. مدیریت شهری می تواند با توجه به ارتقاء مؤلفه های مذکور، قابلیت پیاده روی در محلات شهری را افزایش دهد. بهبود کیفیت محیط ساخته شده منجر به افزایش فعالیت فیزیکی، انسجام اجتماعی و حس تعلق اجتماعی خواهد شد. و در نهایت با افزایش حس تعلق اجتماعی و فعالیت فیزیکی، سلامت ذهنی شهروندان نیز ارتقاء خواهد یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

• انسجام اجتماعی
• حس تعلق اجتماعی
• سلامت ذهنی
• فعالیت فیزیکی
• قابلیت پیاده روی

موضوعات

• برنامه ریزی شهری

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the relationship between neighbourhood walkability and mental health (Case study: Rasht City)

نویسندگان [English]

• Ali akbar Salaripour ¹
• Zahra Seif Reihani ²

¹ Professor Assistant, Dpartment of urban planning, University of Guilan

² University of Guilan

چکیده [English]

Decreased levels of physical activity due to increased dependence on personal vehicles have led to decreased levels of physical and mental health. Because walking is significantly beneficial to people's physical and mental health, it can reduce the rate of obesity, diabetes and other chronic diseases, and limit the rising costs of health care. The built environment is one of the components that can affect the amount of physical activity and as a result, health. The present study tries to examine the relationships between the components of the built environment, physical activity, social cohesion, sense of community and mental health. Out of 400 questionnaires distributed in 20 neighborhoods of Rasht, 380 questionnaires were completed. The first part of the questionnaire, which is dedicated to demographic questions, includes 6 questions: gender, age, education, monthly income, employment and marital status. The second part, which deals with components’ questions: proximity to facilities, reduction of environmental stressors, quality of infrastructure, accessibility and connectivity, traffic hazards, physical activity, social cohesion, sense of community, and mental health. Data collected from Rasht neighbourhoods were analyzed using structural equation modelling. Findings show that the built environment is the second factor of the 5 components of proximity to facilities, reduction of environmental stressors, quality of infrastructure, accessibility and connectivity and traffic hazards. The built environment positively and significantly affects social cohesion, sense of community and physical activity. Sense of community and physical activity also have a positive and significant effect on mental health. Urban management can increase walkability in urban areas by considering the components mentioned in the present study. Improving the quality of the built environment will lead to increased physical activity, social cohesion and a sense of community. As a result of increasing the sense of community and physical activity, the mental health of citizens will be improved.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

• walkability
• mental health
• physical activity
• social cohesion
• sense of community

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